Vacuum Diode Power Supply Using Magnetic Electron Confinement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power supplies experience losses due to switching circuitry in the conversion of AC to DC power, which affects efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A power supply system utilizing a vacuum diode with ceramic sleeves and a magnetic field to maintain coherent electron clusters, combined with an AI-controlled voltage source to manage pulsations, enhances electron density and reduces dispersion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If switching circuitry is used for AC to DC power conversion, then power conversion is achieved, but energy losses occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the switching circuitry from the power conversion system and replaces it with a vacuum diode that directly converts AC to DC through its inherent rectification property. The vacuum diode's electron flow characteristics enable current to pass in only one direction, eliminating the need for complex switching components and reducing energy losses associated with switching operations.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the operational parameters by using a vacuum diode operating in its non-linear resistance region. The vacuum diode's current-voltage characteristics, governed by the Child-Langmuir law, provide natural rectification without requiring active switching. This parameter-based approach converts power efficiently by exploiting the physical properties of electron emission and transport in vacuum.
2Loss of energy
If vacuum diode is used for power conversion, then energy losses are reduced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by using ceramic sleeves with specific electrical properties only where needed - at the cathode and anode regions of the vacuum diode. These ceramic components provide localized electrical insulation and support, allowing the vacuum diode to maintain its simple overall structure while achieving the necessary electrical isolation and mechanical stability in critical areas.
3Reliability
If ceramic sleeves with high permittivity are used, then electron coherence is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite materials by combining ceramic sleeves with specific permittivity values with the vacuum diode structure. The ceramic material (with permittivity between 230 and 400) provides the necessary electrical properties for maintaining electron coherence and reducing dispersion, while the composite structure integrates these materials into a manufacturable assembly that balances performance requirements with fabrication capabilities.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves high electron density and coherence, minimizing losses and improving efficiency in power conversion.
Implementation Method 1
The vacuum-diode cathode is inserted into the cathode sleeve and the vacuum-diode anode is inserted into the anode sleeve. The vacuum diode includes a vacuum-diode cathode and a vacuum-diode anode separated by a gap.
Implementation Method 2
The vacuum-diode magnet that is oriented to cause magnetic field lines that are parallel to a cathode ray that forms across the gap during operation of the vacuum diode.
Implementation Method 3
The cathode and anode sleeves are made of a ceramic having high permittivity. Examples include a titanate group bonded to either a strontium atom or a nickel atom.
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus for providing electrical power to a load includes a voltage source, a check valve that is oriented to prevent current from flowing towards the load, a vacuum diode that includes a cathode and an anode separated by a gap, and a magnet. The cathode and the anode are coated with a corresponding ceramic that includes a titanate group bonded to one of strontium and nickel. The magnet is oriented to cause magnetic field lines that are parallel to a cathode ray that forms across the gap during operation of the vacuum diode. The load is connected between the voltage source and the check valve and the vacuum diode is connected between the check valve and the load such that electric current into the load includes a contribution from the cathode ray in the vacuum diode.