Vacuum-Insulated Fire Door for Thermal and Fire Separation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fire protection doors are costly to produce, difficult to install, and inconvenient to use, particularly in modern low-energy buildings that require both fire and thermal separation, often necessitating two doors with opposite opening directions, which complicates usage and safety.
Innovation Solution
A fire door design featuring a frame with a fire protection door leaf that can be opened sectionally, incorporating a vacuum insulation panel attached to the closing side for enhanced thermal insulation and a leaf sealing element for wind-tight closure, along with a plate sealing element for additional insulation, reducing heat transport and improving usability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If two doors (fire protection door and thermally insulated door) are provided one behind the other, then thermal insulation and windproof separation are improved, but device complexity, production cost, and installation difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the fire protection door and thermally insulated door into a single integrated door structure. The door leaf includes a fire-resistant core material (such as gypsum board, mineral wool, or glass fiber cement board) that provides both fire resistance and thermal insulation properties simultaneously, eliminating the need for two separate doors while maintaining both functions.
Solution Approach 2:
The door assembly is designed to perform multiple functions simultaneously: fire protection, thermal insulation, and windproof separation. The frame and door leaf structure are configured to satisfy all three requirements through a unified design, where the same components contribute to multiple performance aspects rather than requiring separate specialized doors for each function.
2Reliability
If two doors with opposite opening directions are provided, then fire protection and thermal separation are improved, but ease of operation deteriorates and safety requirements are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the fire protection door and thermally insulated door into a single operable unit with a unified opening direction. The hinge mechanism and opening control are integrated so that one door leaf performs both fire containment and thermal separation functions while opening in a single direction, simplifying user interaction and meeting escape route safety requirements.
3Loss of energy
If a three-layer structure with two leaves and insulation is used, then thermal insulation is improved, but manufacturing complexity and door thickness increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite door leaf construction where fire-resistant core materials (gypsum board, mineral wool, glass fiber cement board) are combined with structural framing and surface finishes in a single integrated assembly. This composite approach achieves both fire resistance and thermal insulation in one manufacturable unit, avoiding the complexity of assembling multiple separate layers and components.
4Reliability
If a three-layer structure with two leaves is used, then fire protection is improved, but installation difficulty increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the fire protection door and thermally insulated door into a single pre-assembled unit with integrated framing, door leaf, and insulation. This unified construction reduces on-site installation steps compared to installing multiple separate doors and insulation layers, while maintaining full fire protection capability through the integrated fire-resistant core material and sealing system.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design provides increased thermal insulation, reduced installation complexity, and improved user convenience while meeting fire resistance standards, such as T90, without compromising wind-tightness or requiring opposite opening doors, thus enhancing safety and energy efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
at least one vacuum insulation panel for reducing heat transport through the fire protection door leaf along the opening normal in a closed state of the fire door
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The invention relates to a fire door (300) with a frame (200) for installation in a wall opening with an opening plane (E), at least one fire door leaf (110) that can be opened at least partially along an opening normal (N) of the opening plane (E) for fire-resistant closure of the wall opening, at least one vacuum insulation panel (120) for reducing heat transfer through the fire door leaf (110) along the opening normal (N) when the fire door (300) is closed, and at least one leaf sealing element (313) that connects the frame (200) to the fire door leaf (110) in a windproof manner when the fire door (300) is closed. When the fire door (300) is closed, the leaf sealing element (313) defines a leaf sealing plane (BE) that is arranged parallel to the opening plane (E). The invention further relates to a door leaf (100), a frame (200) and a manufacturing method for the fire door (300).