Vacuum Processing System Architecture for Semiconductor Substrate Handling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Batch processing systems for semiconductor fabrication and solar cell production face challenges in controlling processing conditions, achieving high throughput, and efficiently handling substrates due to complex tray handling and mask requirements, particularly in applying biases and maintaining precise edge exclusion zones at elevated temperatures.

Innovation Solution

A modular and versatile system architecture that enables substrate handling in atmospheric environments, allows for static or pass-by processing, and uses electrostatic or mechanical chucking, along with dual-mask arrangements for precise edge isolation, to manage substrate orientation and processing in a vacuum environment, facilitating efficient cooling and preventing substrate movement.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If batch processing with large trays is used to increase throughput, then productivity increases, but device complexity and ease of operation worsen due to complex handling and loading operations

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovethroughputVSAvoidhandling complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system divides the batch processing function into multiple independent single-substrate chambers arranged in series. Each chamber processes one substrate independently, eliminating the need for complex large-tray handling while maintaining high throughput through continuous processing across multiple stations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system transitions from two-dimensional tray arrays to a one-dimensional linear sequence of processing chambers. Substrates move through the system in a linear fashion through multiple vacuum chambers, simplifying the mechanical handling complexity while maintaining batch processing efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Productivity

If batch processing with moving trays is used to achieve high throughput, then productivity increases, but reliability worsens due to difficulty in applying bias

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovethroughputVSAvoidbias application reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system separates the bias application function into dedicated chambers where substrates are stationary on individual holders. This allows reliable RF or DC bias to be applied to each substrate independently during processing, while the overall system maintains high throughput through continuous multi-chamber operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Manufacturing precision

If masks are used to create edge exclusion zones to prevent shunting, then manufacturing precision improves, but device complexity and ease of operation worsen due to mask handling challenges at elevated temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveedge exclusion precisionVSAvoidmask handling complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system removes the mask component entirely by using precise geometric configuration of source and substrate positions. The exclusion zone is created through the physical arrangement of processing elements rather than requiring separate masking components, eliminating mask handling complexity while maintaining precise edge exclusion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The processing chamber geometry serves multiple functions: it provides the processing environment, defines the exclusion zone patterns, and eliminates the need for separate masks. The chamber design inherently creates the necessary deposition patterns for different substrate regions without requiring additional masking components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

4Manufacturing precision

If substrates are held vertically to improve certain process outcomes, then manufacturing precision improves, but ease of operation worsens due to complex loading and unloading operations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocess control qualityVSAvoidloading and unloading ease
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The substrate holders are designed to be rotatable, allowing substrates to be loaded and unloaded in a convenient horizontal orientation, then rotated to vertical orientation during processing. This dynamic repositioning maintains manufacturing precision during processing while preserving ease of operation during loading and unloading.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system achieves controlled processing conditions and high throughput by simplifying substrate handling and mask usage, ensuring accurate edge exclusion and efficient cooling, thereby enhancing the quality and yield of semiconductor and solar cell production.

Implementation Method 1

uses electrostatic or mechanical chucking, along with dual-mask arrangements for precise edge isolation, to manage substrate orientation and processing in a vacuum environment, facilitating efficient cooling and preventing substrate movement

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrostatic attraction: Electrostatics

Implementation Method 2

facilitating efficient cooling and preventing substrate movement

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP2852469B1System architecture for vacuum processing
Publication Date: 2019.04.24 INTEVAC INC
  • EP2852469B1 patent drawingFigure 1~1B
  • EP2852469B1 patent drawingFigure 2~2C
  • EP2852469B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3C

AI summary

A system for processing substrates in plasma chambers, such that all substrates transport and loading/unloading operations are performed in atmospheric environment, but processing is performed in vacuum environment. The substrates are transported throughout the system on carriers. The system's chambers are arranged linearly, such that carriers move from one chamber directly to the next. A conveyor, placed above or below the system's chambers, returns the carriers to the system's entry area after processing is completed. Loading and unloading of substrates may be performed at one side of the system, or loading can be done at the entry side and unloading at the exit side.