Valve Pressure-Reducing Disks With Diffuser Cells for Plug Erosion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional fluid pressure reducing devices require large manufacturing and have insufficient fluid resistance, leading to issues like cavitation, noise, vibration, and plug erosion due to high kinetic energy and pressure differentials.
Innovation Solution
A fluid pressure reducing device comprising annular disks with diffuser cells that induce diffusion, rapid expansion, recirculation, collision, and direction change to enhance fluid resistance and reduce pressure and speed effectively.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a conventional fluid pressure reducing device with simple flow path is used, then the device structure is simple, but the fluid resistance is insufficient leading to high kinetic energy and plug erosion
Solution Approach 1:
The flow path is segmented into multiple sections with different cross-sectional areas, creating a complex flow pattern that increases fluid resistance. The flow path includes a contraction section, expansion section, and vortex section, each serving to reduce kinetic energy and prevent plug erosion without requiring a larger overall device structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The flow path incorporates curved surfaces and vortex generation areas where the fluid flow is redirected in curved paths. This curvature creates rotational flow and increases fluid resistance, reducing the kinetic energy of the fluid exiting the device and preventing erosion of the plug and seat ring.
2Stress or pressure
If the fluid pressure reducing device has a large pressure difference between inlet and outlet, then the pressure reduction effect is strong, but cavitation, noise, and vibration occur due to high fluid speed
Solution Approach 1:
The flow path is designed to create periodic changes in flow direction and velocity through alternating contraction and expansion sections. This periodic variation in flow characteristics dissipates kinetic energy and reduces the likelihood of cavitation and noise generation while maintaining effective pressure reduction.
Solution Approach 2:
The design converts the harmful high kinetic energy and large pressure difference into beneficial effects by creating controlled vortex flow and turbulence in specific sections. The kinetic energy that would otherwise cause cavitation and noise is instead used to generate rotational flow that increases fluid resistance and reduces exit velocity.
3Reliability
If the fluid pressure reducing device is designed with complex flow path to increase fluid resistance, then plug erosion is prevented, but the device size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The complex flow path is nested within a compact cylindrical housing. The contraction section, expansion section, and vortex section are arranged concentrically and sequentially within the same radial space, allowing the device to achieve high fluid resistance without increasing its overall external dimensions.
Solution Approach 2:
The flow path utilizes the radial dimension by creating annular flow passages and vortex patterns. Fluid flows radially inward, then radially outward, and rotates in the circumferential direction, effectively using multiple spatial dimensions to create a complex flow path within a compact volume.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device significantly increases fluid resistance and reduces pressure and speed, preventing plug erosion and enhancing control over fluid flow, while being compact and efficient.
Implementation Method 1
a plurality of diffuser cells are formed from an outer circumferential surface (400) to an inner circumferential surface (500) of the disk A (100) so that a diffuser a (110) is radially formed in the disk A (100) in a row
Implementation Method 2
the flow paths communicate with the right-angled through-hole of another adjacent disk... induce diffusion, rapid expansion, recirculation, collision, and direction change to enhance fluid resistance
Implementation Method 3
a plurality of diffuser cells are formed from an outer circumferential surface (400) to an inner circumferential surface (500) of the disk B (200) so that a diffuser b (210) is radially formed in the disk B (200) in a row... induce diffusion, rapid expansion, recirculation, collision, and direction change
Implementation Method 4
induce diffusion, rapid expansion, recirculation, collision, and direction change to enhance fluid resistance
Data Source
Figure 1(A)~1(B)
Figure 2(A)~2(B)
Figure 3(A)~3(B)
AI summary
The present invention relates to a device provided inside a valve (10) to control a flow of a fluid. More specifically, the present invention relates to a device that is installed inside a valve (10) to reduce a fluid speed at a side of a second port (510) through reduction in pressure and speed by suppressing a flow of a high-pressure fluid from a side of a first port (410) under a condition in which a difference in pressure between a fluid pressure at an inlet of the valve (10) and the fluid pressure at an outlet of the valve (10). The present invention is a device for preventing damage to a plug (13) due to a fluid colliding toward the plug (13) inside a valve (10) by suppressing a flow of the fluid.