4-Port 2-Way Valves for Fluid Recirculation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for fluid separation, such as isocratic HPLC, require long chromatographic columns or series of standard analytical columns, leading to low flow-rates and high pressure needs, and often necessitate the use of pumps that are incompatible with certain fluids, especially corrosive ones, which complicates and prolongs the separation process.

Innovation Solution

A closed-loop fluid recirculation apparatus using 4-port 2-way valves and tubing, where the pressurizing means is external, allowing fluid recirculation without passing through a pump, with valves configured to maintain zero dead-volume and control flow rates to optimize chromatographic separation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If long chromatographic columns or series of standard analytical columns are used to achieve sufficient resolution, then separation quality is improved, but flow-rate decreases and pressure increases, resulting in prolonged separation time and need for more complex and costly equipment

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveseparation resolutionVSAvoidseparation time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system continuously recirculates the mobile phase through the chromatographic column multiple times, allowing the same column to be used repeatedly for separation. This continuous recirculation enables sufficient resolution to be achieved over multiple passes without requiring long columns or high pressure, thus maintaining separation quality while reducing separation time and equipment complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

2Ease of operation

If a pump is used for fluid recirculation, then fluid circulation is achieved, but the fluid may be incompatible with pump materials, especially for corrosive fluids

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefluid circulationVSAvoidfluid compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The pump is completely removed from the recirculation loop and placed outside it. The mobile phase is pressurized by an external pump and then circulated through the system using pressure-driven flow without passing through any pump internal components. This extraction of the pump from the fluid path eliminates compatibility issues between corrosive fluids and pump materials while maintaining reliable fluid circulation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Measurement precision

If standard analytical columns are used for separation, then adequate separation is achieved, but the equipment becomes more complex and costly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveseparation qualityVSAvoidequipment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

A single standard analytical column is made to serve multiple functions by recirculating the mobile phase through it repeatedly. The same column performs separation duties that would otherwise require multiple columns or a long column, reducing equipment complexity and cost while maintaining separation quality through multiple recirculation passes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables efficient recirculation of fluids, reducing the need for long columns and costly equipment, improving chromatographic separation by maintaining fluid integrity and avoiding pump incompatibilities, while allowing for repeated separation and analysis without fluid mixing.

Implementation Method 1

a pressure inlet connecting said pressurizing means and a first port position of a first 4-port 2-way valve

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure gradient: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 2

a first 4-port 2-way valve, wherein a second port position of the first valve is connected with a first end of a first tubing, a fourth port position of the first valve is connected with a first end of a second tubing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectValve flow control: Valve

Data Source

PatentEP3396372B1Apparatus and method for recirculation of fluids including two 4-port 2-way-valves
Publication Date: 2020.04.08 WATREX PRAHA
  • EP3396372B1 patent drawingFigure 1(A)~1(B)
  • EP3396372B1 patent drawingFigure 2(A)~2(B)
  • EP3396372B1 patent drawingFigure 3(A)~3(B)

AI summary

The present invention provides an apparatus for recirculation of fluids, said apparatus comprising a pressure inlet connected with a first 4-port 2-way valve (2, 20) in a first port position (21, 201) of the valve (2, 20), a second port position (22, 202) of the first valve (2, 20) is connected with a first end of a first tubing (3, 30), a fourth port position (24, 204) of the first valve (2, 20) is connected with a first end of a second tubing (5, 50); the first tubing (3, 30) is on its second end connected with a second 4-port 2-way valve (4, 40) in a second port position (42, 402) of the valve (4, 40), the second tubing (5, 50) is on its second end connected to the second valve (4, 40) in a fourth port position (44, 404) of the valve (4, 40); and a first port position (41, 401) of the second valve (4, 40) is connected with a fluid-treating element (6, 60, 7, 70), and the fluid-treating element (6, 60, 7, 70) is connected with the first (2, 20) or the second valve (4, 40). The present invention further provides a method of recirculation of fluids using the novel apparatus. The apparatus and method can be used for recirculation of fluids useful in chromatographic separation methods or purification methods.