Fluid Valve Opening Speed via Pressure Chamber Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Fluid-controlled valves in existing technologies throttle supply pressure strongly to working pressure over a large pressure range, leading to slow opening and reduced working pressure, which is disadvantageous for applications requiring high working pressure.
Innovation Solution
The valve design includes a pressure chamber with a conduit that lowers the closing pressure below the supply pressure as the throttle cross section increases, using an insertion element with a U-shaped cross section and a bypass to reduce static pressure, allowing the closing element to move away from the valve seat more rapidly and increasing the throttle cross section, thereby reducing pressure drop.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If the pressure chamber is fluidically connected to the supply line so that the closing pressure equals the supply pressure, then the restoring element can be made as small as possible saving structural space, but the closing element moves away from the valve seat only relatively slowly and the supply pressure is throttled relatively strongly over a relatively large pressure range
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure chamber is divided into two fluidic connections: one to the supply line for closing pressure and another to the discharge line for opening pressure. This segmentation allows independent control of closing and opening pressures, enabling the closing element to move away from the valve seat more rapidly while maintaining a compact restoring element.
Solution Approach 2:
The discharge line serves as an intermediary fluidic path that introduces fluid under discharge pressure into the pressure chamber. This intermediary connection enables the pressure chamber to provide opening force that accelerates the closing element's movement away from the valve seat, resolving the contradiction between compact size and opening speed.
2Force
If the closing element slowly moves away from the valve seat, then the supply pressure is throttled relatively strongly to the working pressure over a relatively large pressure range, but this results in a high pressure drop which is disadvantageous when high working pressure is desired
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure chamber's fluidic connection is segmented into supply line connection for closing pressure and discharge line connection for opening pressure. This allows the valve to rapidly transition from closed to open state, reducing the throttling duration and minimizing pressure drop, thereby maintaining higher working pressure while still providing sufficient closing force.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the pressure parameter in the pressure chamber dynamically: using supply pressure for closing and discharge pressure for opening. This parameter change enables rapid opening that reduces throttling effects, maintaining higher working pressure while preserving closing force through the supply pressure connection.
3Ease of operation
If electromagnetic valves are used to move the closing element when the threshold value is exceeded, then the valve can be precisely controlled, but additional components such as pressure sensor and control device are required along with cabling expense and structural space
Solution Approach 1:
The valve system uses its own fluid pressure to自动控制 the closing element's movement. The pressure chamber receives supply pressure to provide closing force and discharge pressure to provide opening force, enabling automatic threshold-based operation without external sensors, control devices, or cabling, thus maintaining control precision while minimizing device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses pneumatic/hydraulic pressure from the fluid system itself to actuate the valve. The pressure chamber utilizes supply pressure and discharge pressure to automatically control the closing element, replacing electromagnetic actuation and eliminating the need for sensors, control devices, and electrical cabling.
4Ease of operation
If electromagnetic valves are used for valve actuation, then the valve can be precisely controlled, but current consumption has a noticeable negative effect on fuel consumption in vehicles with internal combustion engines
Solution Approach 1:
The valve uses the fluid system's own pressure to自动控制 opening and closing operations. The pressure chamber is fluidically connected to both the supply line and discharge line, enabling automatic actuation based on pressure thresholds without requiring electrical current, thus eliminating the negative effect on fuel consumption while maintaining precise control.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces electromagnetic actuation with pneumatic/hydraulic actuation using supply pressure and discharge pressure. This eliminates current consumption entirely while achieving precise valve control through pressure-based automatic actuation, resolving the contradiction between control precision and energy use.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design results in a stronger opening behavior, reducing the throttling of supply pressure to working pressure, allowing for a higher working pressure at a given supply pressure above the threshold, improving the valve's opening behavior and reducing pressure drop.
Implementation Method 1
a fluid force is applied on the closing element on account of the supply pressure, which force counteracts the restoring force
Implementation Method 2
The pressure brings about a closing force which acts in the same direction as the restoring force of the restoring element, as a result of which the restoring element is supported against the valve seat during the pressing of the closing element
Implementation Method 3
the valve comprises means with which the closing pressure can be lowered in the pressure chamber below the supply pressure as a function of the freed throttle cross section
Data Source
AI summary
The application relates to a valve for a line system, comprising a valve body which forms a valve seat, a line system with a supply line for supplying a fluid to the valve seat and with a discharge line for discharging the fluid from the valve seat, which fluid is under a supply pressure in the supply line and under a working pressure in the discharge line, a closing element which interacts with the valve seat for opening and closing the line system, which closing element releases a throttle cross section between the valve seat and the closing element, a restoring element which applies a restoring force on the closing element, which restoring force presses the closing element against the valve seat in order to close the line system, and a pressure chamber in which the fluid is under a closing pressure to close the line system.