Valve Pressure Reduction Disks for Cavitation and Erosion Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional fluid pressure reducing devices require large manufacturing due to low fluid resistance in flow paths, leading to issues like cavitation, noise, vibration, and erosion of components.
Innovation Solution
A fluid pressure reducing device with a multi-layer structure of annular disks having diffuser cells with trapezoidal shapes, forming a pressure reduction flow path through concentric coupling of disks A and B, enhancing fluid resistance by diffusion, recirculation, collision, and rapid direction changes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a conventional fluid pressure reducing device with simple flow path is used, then the device structure is simple, but the fluid resistance is low causing high fluid speed and pressure drop leading to cavitation, noise, and vibration
Solution Approach 1:
The flow path is segmented into multiple sections with different cross-sectional areas, creating a multi-stage pressure reduction system. The flow path includes a contraction section, expansion section, and throat section, each serving to progressively reduce fluid pressure and control fluid speed, thereby preventing cavitation and reducing noise and vibration while maintaining relatively simple device structure
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces dimensional changes in the flow path by varying the cross-sectional area along the flow direction. The flow path cross-section transitions from large to small in the contraction section, then expands in the expansion section, creating a three-dimensional pressure reduction mechanism that effectively controls fluid dynamics without significantly increasing device complexity
2Volume of stationary object
If the flow path cross-sectional area is large, then the device size is small, but the fluid resistance is insufficient causing excessive fluid speed and kinetic energy
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the geometric parameters of the flow path, specifically the cross-sectional area, along the flow direction. The contraction section reduces the cross-sectional area to increase fluid speed and pressure, while the expansion section increases the area to reduce speed and kinetic energy. This parameter variation allows the device to maintain a compact size while effectively controlling fluid speed and preventing excessive kinetic energy
3Object-generated harmful factors
If pressure reduction flow path is extended, then fluid resistance increases, but the device becomes large in size
Solution Approach 1:
The flow path is folded back on itself in a U-shaped or zigzag configuration, nesting the contraction and expansion sections within a compact volume. This allows the flow path to be extended sufficiently to provide the necessary pressure reduction and fluid resistance, while the nested arrangement prevents the device from becoming excessively long, maintaining a compact overall size
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Significantly increases fluid resistance and reduces pressure and speed, preventing erosion of components and controlling fluid flow effectively.
Implementation Method 1
enhancing fluid resistance by diffusion, recirculation, collision, and rapid direction changes
Implementation Method 2
resistance is provided to a flow of the fluid between an inlet through which hundreds of bars of the high-pressure fluid flows and an outlet through which the fluid flows in a low-pressure state such as atmospheric pressure, thereby inducing pressure reduction of the fluid
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a device that is provided inside a valve (10) to control a flow of a fluid. More specifically, the present invention relates to a device that is installed inside a valve (10) to reduce a pressure and speed to lower the fluid pressure and speed at a side of a second port (510) by suppressing a flow of a high-pressure fluid at a side of a first port (410) under a condition of a large difference in fluid pressure between a fluid pressure at an inlet of the valve (10) and the fluid pressure at an outlet of the valve (10).The present invention relates to a device for preventing damage to a plug (13) due to a fluid colliding toward the plug (13) inside the valve (10).