Percutaneous Valve Removal Device with Cauterizing and Grinding Mechanisms

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty for aortic stenosis is limited by high complication rates, durability issues, and challenges with calcific aortic valve dilation, leading to periprosthetic leak, calcium embolization, and device migration during stent valve insertion.

Innovation Solution

A device and method involving an umbrella device with a shaft catheter, mechanical drill, and cauterizing mechanisms to safely resect the calcific aortic valve, preventing embolization and facilitating the delivery and insertion of stent valves by engaging and removing the valve through a combination of cauterization and mechanical grinding.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty is used for aortic stenosis, then it can be performed as a less invasive procedure, but it results in high complication rates, limited durability, and high restenosis incidence

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveinvasiveness of procedureVSAvoidcomplication rate and durability

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical balloon dilation system with a laser-based ablation system. The laser energy is delivered through a catheter to precisely ablate calcific deposits on the aortic valve, avoiding the need for forceful mechanical balloon expansion that causes complications and restenosis.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the physical parameter of energy delivery from mechanical pressure (balloon) to optical energy (laser). This allows for controlled ablation of calcium deposits without the trauma associated with balloon valvuloplasty, improving safety and durability while maintaining the percutaneous approach.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of operation

If calcific aortic valve is dilated prior to stent valve delivery, then stent valve insertion becomes possible, but it causes periprosthetic leak, calcium embolization, and device migration

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveease of stent valve insertionVSAvoidperiprosthetic leak and calcium embolization

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of operationVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary laser ablation of the calcific aortic valve to remove or soften the calcium deposits before stent valve delivery. This preliminary action creates a more favorable environment for stent valve insertion, reducing the risk of periprosthetic leak and calcium embolization while maintaining procedural feasibility.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the harmful rigid calcific deposits into beneficial fragmented material through laser ablation. The laser energy breaks down the calcium into smaller particles that can be safely aspirated or redistributed, transforming the obstacle (calcium) into a manageable byproduct that facilitates rather than hinders stent valve placement.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Productivity

If mechanical drill is used to remove calcific valve, then valve resection is achieved, but risk of calcium embolization increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvevalve removal efficiencyVSAvoidcalcium embolization risk

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical drill system with a laser ablation system for valve removal. The laser energy precisely vaporizes and fragments calcific deposits without the mechanical contact that causes calcium particles to embolize. The resulting debris can be safely managed through aspiration or natural clearance mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances the safety and efficacy of stent valve delivery by addressing the challenges of calcific valve resection, reducing complications, and improving the precision of valve removal and replacement, thereby enhancing patient outcomes.

Implementation Method 1

a mechanical drill comprising at least one blade, the mechanical drill rotatably coupled to the shaft catheter and positioned between the first umbrella and the second umbrella

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectMechanical grinding: Abrasion

Implementation Method 2

a first cauterizing mechanism coupled to a circumferential edge of the first umbrella, and a second cauterizing mechanism coupled to a circumferential edge of the second umbrella

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectCauterization: Heating

Data Source

PatentUS8663217B2Devices and systems for valve removal

Publication Date: 2014.03.04 CVDEVICES LLC

AI summary

Devices, systems, and methods for percutaneous and mini-invasive valve removal are provided. In at least one embodiment of a device for removing a valve, said device comprises a catheter, two mesh umbrellas coupled thereto, a cauterizing mechanism operable to excise a valve from a vessel, and a mechanical drill operable to grind said excised valve to allow for removal of the ground excised valve by way of an enclosure created by the two mesh umbrellas. In another embodiment, a temporary stent valve is positioned near the valve to be excised to avoid aortic insufficiency during valve excision.