Vane Pump Asymmetric Tip Geometry for Wear Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing vane pumps face high adhesive wear stresses between vanes and cam blocks due to excess radial pressure loads, which can lead to damage and require complex under-vane pressurization schemes, especially at low speeds where centrifugal forces are insufficient.

Innovation Solution

The vane pump design features a gap between the vane and radial slot, allowing for different angular positions and orientations of the vane tip, providing balanced or biased radial loads without the need for under-vane pressurization, and includes a channel to equalize pressure, reducing wear and pressure pulsations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If under-vane pressurization is applied to maintain seal at low speeds, then sealing is improved, but device complexity and weight increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesealingVSAvoidpressurization system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the under-vane pressurization system entirely, extracting the harmful complexity and weight while maintaining sealing through a different mechanism - the offset vane tip geometry that creates asymmetric pressure distribution on the vane surfaces to generate outward radial load during seal arc operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The vane tip is designed with asymmetric geometry where the centerline is offset from the leading surface, creating unequal surface areas on opposite sides of the vane. This asymmetry generates a net outward radial force during seal arc operation through pressure differential, eliminating the need for separate pressurization systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

2Reliability

If under-vane pressurization is used to maintain seal, then sealing is improved, but weight increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesealingVSAvoidpump weight
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent eliminates the under-vane pressurization system and its associated weight, replacing it with a geometry-based solution that uses the existing fluid pressure field to generate the necessary sealing force through asymmetric vane tip design

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Reliability

If excess radial pressure load is applied to maintain vane engagement, then engagement is improved, but adhesive wear increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevane engagementVSAvoidadhesive wear
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a dynamic radial load on the vane that varies with operating conditions - the offset geometry generates outward radial force during seal arc operation to maintain engagement, while allowing reduced load during pump arc operation, thereby preventing excessive wear throughout the operational cycle

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The asymmetric vane tip geometry changes the pressure distribution parameters on the vane surfaces, creating a net outward radial force during seal arc operation that maintains proper engagement without the excessive loads that cause adhesive wear

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design reduces wear and pressure pulsations, maintaining desired radial loads throughout the pump's cycle, eliminating the need for complex under-vane pressurization and enhancing engagement with the cam block, especially at low speeds.

Implementation Method 1

fluid pressure acting on the larger surface 40 and the smaller surface 36 results in a net outward radial load urging the vane into engagement with the cam block inner surface 22

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid pressure: Pressure Increase

Implementation Method 2

centrifugal force at low operating speeds to reduce or eliminate the need for under-vane pressurization

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCentrifugal force: Centrifugal Force

Implementation Method 3

includes a channel to equalize pressure, reducing wear and pressure pulsations

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure equalization: Pressure Increase

Implementation Method 4

The tip portion has an arcuate surface that engages with the cam block inner surface to provide a fluid seal point along the arcuate surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid seal:

Data Source

PatentEP3121370B1Vane pump
Publication Date: 2021.04.07 HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORP
  • EP3121370B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3121370B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP3121370B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A vane pump is disclosed that includes a plurality of vanes and radial slots configured to provide a gap between the vane and the radial slot such that the vane has a different angular position relative to the direction of rotation in a radially extended position compared to an angular position in a radially-retracted position. The different angular positions provide different orientation of the arcuate surface of the vane tip portion with respect to the cam body inner surface, thus providing different fluid stop points on the vane tip portion arcuate surface.