Turbine Nozzle Vane Trailing Edge Modification for Blade Excitation Reduction

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Turbine blades are prone to high cycle fatigue and radial scallop failures due to excessive excitation amplitudes caused by nozzle vane resonance, leading to unscheduled engine removals and uncontained exit issues.

Innovation Solution

The method involves modifying the trailing edge of turbine nozzle vanes by altering the gas flow angle, performing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to determine optimal vane exit and air bleed angles, and introducing air bleeds to disrupt energy build-up, thereby reducing excitation amplitudes and dynamic stresses on the blades.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If nozzle vane trailing edge is at extreme end of manufacturing dimensional tolerance, then manufacturing precision is reduced, but excitation amplitude increases causing blade fatigue

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenozzle vane trailing edge dimensional toleranceVSAvoidturbine blade durability
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces asymmetry by modifying the trailing edge geometry of specific nozzle vanes (particularly the first and last vanes in the row) to create intentional flow disturbances. This asymmetric modification disrupts the periodic excitation pattern that would otherwise resonate with blade natural frequencies, thereby reducing fatigue while accounting for manufacturing tolerances

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes geometric parameters of the nozzle vane trailing edge, specifically modifying the exit angle and chord length of selected vanes. These parameter changes create flow field disturbances that break the regular periodicity of the excitation force, reducing the amplitude at critical frequencies that cause blade fatigue

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Strength

If turbine nozzle vanes excite blade resonance, then blade dynamic stress increases, but energy transfer from fluid to blade builds up

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveblade material strength capabilityVSAvoidenergy build up in blade
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the harmful resonant energy transfer into a beneficial outcome by introducing controlled flow disturbances through trailing edge modifications. These modifications dissipate the energy that would otherwise build up in the blade through resonance, transforming the potential harmful resonance into reduced vibration and lower dynamic stresses

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies periodic modifications to the nozzle vane trailing edges (specifically to the first and last vanes) to create intentional flow disturbances at strategic positions. This periodic action disrupts the resonant build-up of energy in the blade by introducing controlled variations in the excitation pattern, preventing sustained resonance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively reduces blade dynamic stresses below material limits, enhancing turbine blade durability by interrupting energy transfer from the fluid to the blade, thus preventing high cycle fatigue and improving durability.

Implementation Method 1

modifying the trailing edge of at least one of the vanes to reduce the excitation amplitudes... by disrupting the periodic flow field

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlow field disturbance: Turbulence

Implementation Method 2

performing a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to determine an air bleed angle resulting in maximum pressure perturbance and in minimizing P(ω)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure perturbation: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP2912278B2Reduction of equally spaced turbine nozzle vane excitation
Publication Date: 2022.06.08 RTX CORP
  • EP2912278B2 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2912278B2 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2912278B2 patent drawingFigure 3~4B

AI summary

A reduction in excitation amplitudes affecting turbine blade durability in a turbine nozzle assembly having a plurality of vanes and turbine blades, includes: identifying a turbine blade design of the turbine nozzle assembly; performing a modal model analysis of at least one of the turbine blades in the turbine blade design; reducing aerodynamic impact by ensuring that each of the turbine blades is free of aero-excitation from an upstream flow at the vanes in an operating speed range; identifying blade natural frequencies with respect to the nozzle vanes; and modifying a trailing edge of at least one of the vanes to reduce the excitation amplitudes.