Vaporizer Vessel Pre-Pressurization for Adiabatic Cooling Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
The use of liquid hydrocarbons in gas turbine combustion systems poses challenges due to rapid vaporization leading to adiabatic cooling, which can reduce material structural strength and impede controlled vaporization, making it difficult to manage vaporization in conventional systems.
Innovation Solution
A vaporization system that includes a vaporizer vessel prefilled with a pressurized fluid, such as methane or nitrogen, to minimize pressure differences and reduce adiabatic cooling, along with a controller to control the pre-elevation of pressure and vaporization of liquid hydrocarbons before introduction into the vaporizer vessel.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If liquid hydrocarbon is introduced directly to a low pressure vessel, then rapid vaporization occurs, but excessive adiabatic cooling reduces material structural strength and impedes controlled vaporization
Solution Approach 1:
The system pre-elevates the pressure in the vaporizer vessel using a pressure source before introducing the liquid hydrocarbon. This preliminary pressurization reduces the pressure differential that drives rapid vaporization, thereby minimizing adiabatic cooling while still enabling controlled vaporization to occur
2Strength
If holding receptacle material is selected to withstand adiabatic cooling temperatures, then material structural strength is maintained, but system cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
By pre-pressurizing the vaporizer vessel before liquid hydrocarbon introduction, the system prevents excessive adiabatic cooling from occurring in the first place. This eliminates the need for expensive high-strength materials designed to withstand extreme cold, thereby reducing system cost while maintaining structural integrity
3Stability of the object's composition
If liquid hydrocarbon temperature is reduced to extremely low conditions, then hydrocarbon remains in liquid form during pressure transition, but this approach is impractical and excessively costly
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of pre-cooling the liquid hydrocarbon to extremely low temperatures, the system pre-pressurizes the vaporizer vessel. This alternative preliminary action maintains liquid phase stability during pressure transition through pressure control rather than extreme cooling, avoiding the impractical and costly cooling infrastructure that would be required
4Temperature
If pressure is elevated in vaporizer vessel before liquid hydrocarbon introduction, then adiabatic cooling is reduced, but additional pressure control equipment is required
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure source serves multiple functions: it pre-pressurizes the vaporizer vessel to minimize adiabatic cooling, and it can also be used to control the vaporization process itself. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated pressure control equipment, thereby limiting the increase in system complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach minimizes adiabatic cooling, allows for more rapid formation of a stable liquid level, and provides improved control over vaporization, reducing costs associated with high-strength materials and impractical cooling methods.
Implementation Method 1
pre-elevate a pressure in the vaporizer vessel using the pressurized fluid from the pressure source prior to introduction of the liquid hydrocarbon to the vaporizer vessel
Implementation Method 2
they transition from a liquid to a vapor quickly through pressure reduction that creates excessive adiabatic cooling
Implementation Method 3
heating the liquid hydrocarbon to controllably vaporize the liquid hydrocarbon into a gaseous hydrocarbon
Data Source
AI summary
A vaporization system for a liquid hydrocarbon for a combustion system of a gas turbine system is provided. The vaporization system includes: a vaporizer vessel; a pressure source providing a pressurized fluid to the vaporizer vessel; and a controller configured to control at least one control valve to: pre-elevate a pressure in the vaporizer vessel using the pressurized fluid from the pressure source prior to introduction of the liquid hydrocarbon to the vaporizer vessel to at least reduce vaporization of the liquid hydrocarbon in the vaporizer vessel, and control vaporization of the liquid hydrocarbon in the vaporizer vessel. A combustion system and kettle boiler system including aspects of the vaporization system are also disclosed.