Variable Capacitor Match Network With Sub-Binary Capacitance Steps

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Solution Overview

Problem

Variable capacitors in impedance-matching networks for plasma processing face challenges due to varying contributions from switched capacitors, leading to gaps in achievable capacitance values, which can result in inadequate impedance matching.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a sub-binary sequence of fractional capacitor values, considering the effects of the interconnect network and component tolerances, to minimize gaps in capacitance values and ensure accurate impedance matching.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If a binary sequence of capacitor values is used in the variable capacitor, then the device complexity is reduced and ease of manufacture is improved, but gaps in achievable capacitance values occur leading to inadequate impedance matching precision

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimpedance matching precisionVSAvoidcapacitor sequence complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the capacitor value sequence from a binary sequence to a sub-binary sequence, where the ratio between successive capacitor values is less than 2:1. This parameter change in the sequence structure eliminates gaps in achievable capacitance values while maintaining a manageable number of capacitors, thereby improving impedance matching precision without excessively increasing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The variable capacitor is segmented into multiple switched capacitors with specifically designed sub-binary values. By dividing the total capacitance range into discrete segments with ratios less than 2:1, the patent ensures continuous coverage of the capacitance range without gaps, allowing precise impedance matching across varying plasma load conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Manufacturing precision

If the number of switched capacitors is increased to reduce gaps in capacitance values, then impedance matching precision is improved, but the device complexity and manufacturing difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecapacitance value precisionVSAvoidvariable capacitor manufacturing
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of increasing the number of capacitors, the patent changes the value parameters of the capacitors to follow a sub-binary sequence. This approach achieves continuous capacitance coverage with fewer components, simplifying manufacturing while maintaining high precision in impedance matching.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If standard binary capacitor values are used, then the ease of operation and control is improved, but gaps in capacitance coverage occur reducing reliability of impedance matching

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimpedance matching reliabilityVSAvoidcapacitor switching control
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent modifies the capacitor value parameters from standard binary values to sub-binary values with ratios less than 2:1. This ensures that all intermediate capacitance values between minimum and maximum are achievable, eliminating gaps and ensuring reliable impedance matching across the entire operating range while maintaining digital control capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3791472B1Match network comprising one or more variable capacitors, and method of forming a variable capacitor
Publication Date: 2023.10.04 AES GLOBAL HLDG PTE LTD
  • EP3791472B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3791472B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3791472B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

This disclosure describes systems, methods, and apparatus for a digital-to-analog (DAC) converter, that can be part of a variable capacitor and/or a match network. The DAC can include a digital input, an analog output, N contributors (e.g., switched capacitors), and an interconnect topology connecting the N contributors, generating a sum of their contributions (e.g., sum of capacitances), and providing the sum to the analog output. The N contributors can form a sub-binary sequence when their contributions to the sum are ordered by average contribution. Also, the gap size between a maximum contribution of one contributor, and a minimum contribution of a subsequent contributor, is less than D, where D is less than or equal to two time a maximum contribution of the first or smallest of the N contributors.