Variable Constellation-Symbol Puncturing for Unequal Bit Protection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing data transmission methods in telecommunications face challenges in providing uniform protection to data bits, leading to inefficiencies in data rate and vulnerability to noise sources, particularly phase noise, due to conventional encoding and puncturing techniques.
Innovation Solution
A method and equipment that implement unequal protection (UEP) by puncturing data differently based on the weight and position of bits within a constellation symbol, using multiple puncturing matrices and demultiplexing stages to achieve varying levels of protection for significant and less significant bits, and symbols at different positions in the constellation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If uniform puncturing is applied to all data bits, then the encoding process is simple, but less significant bits and periphery symbols receive insufficient protection against noise
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different puncturing patterns to different parts of the data stream based on their importance. Specifically, less significant bits and periphery symbols receive enhanced puncturing (higher protection) while more significant bits receive standard puncturing. This local differentiation of protection quality resolves the contradiction by targeting resources where they are most needed without uniformly increasing complexity across the board.
Solution Approach 2:
The puncturing process is segmented into multiple stages with different puncturing matrices applied to different data portions. The patent divides the data stream and applies distinct puncturing patterns to segments corresponding to less significant bits and periphery symbols, allowing differentiated protection levels without requiring a completely new encoding system.
2Reliability
If multiple encoders are used to provide different protection levels, then data protection is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using multiple separate encoders, the patent merges the encoding and puncturing functions into a single encoder that outputs data to multiple puncturing stages. This consolidation reduces system complexity by eliminating redundant encoder hardware while still providing multiple protection levels through the coordinated action of the single encoder and multiple puncturing matrices.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary data encoding once, then applies multiple puncturing stages sequentially. This preliminary encoding action eliminates the need for multiple encoders by pre-processing the data and then differentiating protection levels through subsequent puncturing operations, thereby reducing overall system complexity.
3Reliability
If conventional puncturing is used, then the data transmission rate is maintained, but phase noise and other noise sources adversely affect data integrity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the puncturing parameters (puncturing matrices, puncturing patterns) based on the importance of data bits and their susceptibility to noise. By adjusting these parameters dynamically for different data segments, the system maintains optimal protection against phase noise while preserving the overall data transmission rate through efficient resource allocation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the vulnerability of less significant bits and periphery symbols to a benefit by applying enhanced puncturing to these specific portions. The harm of noise affecting all bits uniformly is transformed into an opportunity to selectively protect the most vulnerable bits, thereby improving overall data integrity without sacrificing transmission rate.
Data Source
AI summary
A data transmission method implemented by a first item of telecommunication equipment transmitting to a second item of telecommunication equipment. The method includes: encoding input data by using an encoder; puncturing data after encoding; modulating with mapping of the data, after puncturing, on one symbol among M symbols of a constellation having order M, where M=2q,≥2, each symbol of the constellation comprising at least two bits having different weights; and transmitting the data, after mapping, to the second item of equipment. The method is such that, for at least one of the M symbols, the puncturing of the data differs according to the weight of the bits in the symbol on which these data are mapped.