3D-Printed Fairwaters With Variable Density for Offshore Handling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional fairwaters are heavy, difficult to handle, prone to corrosion, and require dry-docking for repair or replacement, with non-ideal hydrodynamic shapes leading to flow turbulences.

Innovation Solution

3D printing fairwaters with regions of varying density, allowing for optimal hydrodynamic shapes and mass distribution to facilitate underwater handling and assembly, eliminating the need for dry-docking.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If fairwaters are made of solid metal body, then they provide structural strength and protection, but they become heavy and difficult to handle

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural strengthVSAvoidweight
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The fairwater is designed with non-uniform density distribution, where different regions have different densities. The 3D printing process enables varying material density within different zones of the same component, allowing critical areas to have higher density for strength while other areas have lower density to reduce overall weight.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses composite material structures with varying density characteristics within a single component. The 3D printing process combines materials or material densities to create a fairwater that has both protective strength and reduced weight, eliminating the need for solid homogeneous metal construction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If fairwaters are made of solid metal body, then they provide durability, but they are prone to corrosion in sea water

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovedurabilityVSAvoidcorrosion resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The fairwater employs composite material construction with varying density and composition throughout the structure. This allows selection of corrosion-resistant materials in regions exposed to seawater while maintaining overall structural integrity, addressing both durability and corrosion resistance simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Ease of manufacture

If conventional cylindrical shapes are used for fairwaters, then they are easy to manufacture, but they cause flow turbulences around the fairwater

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidflow turbulence
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The fairwater design incorporates optimized curved surfaces and aerodynamic/hydrodynamic shaping through 3D printing. The complex curved geometries reduce flow separation and turbulence around the fairwater while maintaining manufacturability through additive manufacturing processes that naturally handle complex shapes without additional tooling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the geometric parameters of the fairwater from conventional simple cylinders to optimized hydrodynamic shapes. The 3D printing process enables precise control of geometric parameters including surface curvature, cross-sectional area distribution, and overall form factor to minimize flow turbulence while maintaining structural requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Shape

If conventional fairwaters require considerable shaping and welding, then they achieve desired shape, but the manufacturing process becomes complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedesired geometryVSAvoidmanufacturing process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ShapeVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The 3D printing process fundamentally changes the manufacturing parameters from subtractive shaping and assembly welding to additive layer-by-layer construction. This enables direct fabrication of complex geometries in a single integrated process, eliminating the need for multiple shaping operations and welding steps while achieving precise control of the fairwater's three-dimensional shape.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables easy installation and replacement of fairwaters at sea without dry-docking, reducing costs and downtime, while providing corrosion resistance and improved hydrodynamics.

Implementation Method 1

3D printing the one or more bodies of the fairwater

Methodology Applied
Scientific Effect3D Printing: 3D Printing

Implementation Method 2

a density of the first region is higher than a density of the second region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBuoyancy: Archimedes' Principle (Buoyancy)

Data Source

PatentEP4613628A1Fairwaters and methods for providing fairwaters
Publication Date: 2025.09.10 NAVANTIA SA SME
  • EP4613628A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4613628A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4613628A1 patent drawingFigure 5a~5b

AI summary

In one aspect, a method for providing a fairwater, is provided. The method comprises configuring the fairwater so that the fairwater comprises one or more bodies, at least one body comprising a first region and a second region, wherein a density of the first region is higher than a density of the second region. The method further comprises 3D printing the bodies of the fairwater. In a further aspect, a fairwater comprising two or more 3D-printed bodies is provided. Each body comprises a first and a second region, wherein a density of the first region is higher than a density of the second region.