Variable Drive Strength Voltage Regulator for Phase Margin

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Solution Overview

Problem

Voltage supply circuits in integrated circuits face challenges in maintaining phase margin, particularly due to variations in temperature and fabrication process corners, leading to potential oscillations and improper functioning, with existing solutions either increasing power consumption or failing to address increasing load demands.

Innovation Solution

A voltage supply circuit with a variable drive strength is implemented, utilizing a bandgap circuit driving an operational amplifier with a pull-up network whose effective channel width is dynamically controlled by a control circuit, allowing for adjustable drive strength to maintain regulated voltage and enhance phase margin.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the pull-up network is over-designed with high drive strength to maintain phase margin under worst-case conditions, then phase margin is improved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase marginVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic drive strength adjustment mechanism where the pull-up network's effective channel width is modifiable based on operating conditions. The system transitions from a static over-designed pull-up network to a dynamic configuration that adapts drive strength to actual load requirements, thereby maintaining phase margin during critical transitions while reducing power consumption during steady-state operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the effective channel width parameter of the pull-up network dynamically. By modifying this physical parameter based on operating conditions (such as load changes or temperature), the system optimizes the balance between phase margin maintenance and power consumption, avoiding the need for continuous over-design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If the pull-up network is designed with high drive strength to handle increasing load demands, then load capability is improved, but circuit complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveload capabilityVSAvoidcircuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the pull-up network into multiple parallel paths with different drive strengths. This segmentation allows the system to activate only the necessary number of pull-up transistors based on load requirements, rather than designing for the worst-case scenario from the outset. The segmented structure provides scalable load capability without proportionally increasing overall circuit complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies partial action by activating only the required portion of the pull-up network capacity based on actual load demands. Instead of always engaging the full drive strength, the system uses a subset of available pull-up transistors, thereby achieving necessary load capability while avoiding the complexity overhead of continuously managing a fully activated high-capacity network.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Stability of the object's composition

If the effective channel width is dynamically adjusted to maintain phase margin, then phase margin stability is improved, but control circuit complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase margin stabilityVSAvoidcontrol circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the system monitors operating conditions (such as voltage transitions or load changes) and automatically adjusts the effective channel width of the pull-up network in response. This closed-loop control maintains phase margin stability by dynamically compensating for disturbances, while the feedback logic is designed to be as simple as possible to minimize the increase in control circuit complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentUS7400123B1Voltage regulator with variable drive strength for improved phase margin in integrated circuits
Publication Date: 2008.07.15 XILINX INC
  • US7400123B1 patent drawing
  • US7400123B1 patent drawing
  • US7400123B1 patent drawing

AI summary

A voltage supply circuit having variable drive strength can optionally be used to provide improved phase margin in an integrated circuit. A bandgap circuit drives an operational amplifier, with the second input of the operational amplifier being a regulated voltage node. The operational amplifier drives multiple pull-ups in a pull-up network coupled to the regulated voltage node, of which the different pull-ups can be separately enabled to control the effective channel width of the pull-up network. In some embodiments, a control circuit (e.g., one or two additional operational amplifiers driving a counter) accepts the output of the operational amplifier as an input signal and provides multiple enable signals to the pull-up network.