Variable-Flux PMSM Using Heated Magnet for High-Speed Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
The variable flux permanent-magnet synchronous motor faces challenges in flux adjustment due to the difficulty in changing the magnetization degree of permanent magnets with high coercive force, limiting the selection of permanent magnetic materials and efficiency at high speeds.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a second permanent magnet with a lower coercive force and a heating apparatus within the motor, where the heating apparatus heats the second permanent magnet to adjust its magnetic field, allowing for flexible temperature control and expanded material selection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a permanent magnetic material with high coercive force is used, then the motor has high stability and resistance to demagnetization, but the magnetization degree is difficult to change, limiting flux adjustment capability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the permanent magnet system into two distinct parts: a first permanent magnet with high coercive force that provides stable magnetic field and resistance to demagnetization, and a second permanent magnet with low coercive force that enables easy flux adjustment through heating. This segmentation allows each component to fulfill its specific function without compromise.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the motor have different magnetic requirements. The patent applies local quality by using high coercive force material where stability is needed and low coercive force material where adjustability is needed, optimizing both reliability and adaptability in their respective locations.
2Ease of operation
If only permanent magnetic materials with low coercive force are used for variable flux magnets, then flux adjustment is easy, but the selection range of permanent magnetic materials is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the permanent magnet function into two parts: the first permanent magnet uses high coercive force materials (expanding material selection) while the second permanent magnet uses low coercive force materials (maintaining ease of flux adjustment). This resolves the contradiction between material selection range and flux adjustment ease.
3Speed
If a large weak magnetic current is used to reduce terminal voltage during high-speed operation, then the motor can operate at high speeds, but the weak magnetic capability is limited and efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the magnetic field parameter by heating the second permanent magnet to reduce its coercive force and adjust its magnetization degree. This allows the motor to achieve high-speed operation with variable flux control without relying on large weak magnetic currents, thereby maintaining efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution reduces flux adjustment difficulty and expands the range of permanent magnetic materials that can be used, enhancing the motor's efficiency and speed range without the need for additional weak magnetic currents.
Implementation Method 1
The heating apparatus 302 is configured to heat the second permanent magnet 301, so that the second permanent magnet 301 has variable flux in a magnetic field
Implementation Method 2
a temperature of the second permanent magnet 301 rises, to assist the second permanent magnet 301 in implementing the variable flux
Data Source
AI summary
A variable flux permanent-magnet synchronous motor, a powertrain, and a fan are disclosed, which are applied to the field of motors. The variable flux permanent-magnet synchronous motor includes a stator system 10, a rotor system 20, and a variable magnet system 30. The variable magnet system 30 is located in the stator system 10 or the rotor system 20. The rotor system 20 includes a first permanent magnet 201. The variable magnet system 30 includes a second permanent magnet 301 and a heating apparatus 302. Coercive force of the second permanent magnet 301 is lower than coercive force of the first permanent magnet 201. The heating apparatus 302 is configured to heat the second permanent magnet 301, so that the second permanent magnet 301 has variable flux in a magnetic field.