Variable Gain Control System for Turbofan Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing engine fuel control systems, particularly for high bypass ratio turbofans, face inadequate control loop stability and phase margins when tuned for desired bandwidth, and turbine tip clearance control systems experience performance degradation due to radial clearance issues between rotor and stator assemblies.

Innovation Solution

The Modified Rolls-Royce Inverse Model (MRIM) control system introduces additional variable gains to adjust the integration time of the control system, allowing for improved trade-offs between bandwidth and stability, and applies a similar approach to engine-casing cooling air control systems to manage valve position dynamics.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If the control system is tuned for desired bandwidth, then the response speed is improved, but the phase margins and stability deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresponse speedVSAvoidphase margins and stability
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the integration time variable rather than fixed. The control system dynamically adjusts the integration time based on operating conditions, allowing the system to achieve fast response when needed while maintaining stability when required. This is accomplished through a variable gain element that modifies the integration time constant, enabling the controller to adapt its behavior to different operational states and resolve the trade-off between speed and stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of integration time from a fixed value to a variable parameter. By introducing a variable gain element that adjusts the integration time constant based on system state, the control system can optimize performance across different operating conditions. This parameter change allows the system to achieve desired bandwidth and fast response while maintaining adequate phase margins and stability through adaptive tuning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Stability of the object's composition

If additional variable gains are added to adjust integration time, then the stability and phase margins are improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol loop stabilityVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent achieves multi-functionality by designing a control structure where a single variable gain element serves multiple purposes. The same gain adjustment mechanism that modifies integration time also simultaneously optimizes phase margins and maintains stability across different operating conditions. This universal approach avoids the need for separate complexity-intensive mechanisms for each control objective, resolving the contradiction between improved stability and increased device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Stability of the object's composition

If the integration time is increased to improve stability, then the phase margins are improved, but the response time deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase marginsVSAvoidresponse time
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent resolves this contradiction by making the integration time dynamic rather than static. The variable gain element allows the integration time to be extended when stability is needed (improving phase margins) while being reduced when fast response is required. This dynamic adjustment eliminates the need to permanently increase integration time for stability, thereby preventing response time degradation while maintaining phase margins when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP2154588B1Control system
Publication Date: 2020.03.11 ROLLS ROYCE PLC
  • EP2154588B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2154588B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5
  • EP2154588B1 patent drawingFigure 6~7

AI summary

A control system provides an aggregate driven quantity demand signal for controlling an actuatable component. The system has a summing junction which generates the aggregate driven quantity demand signal by summing a first output signal, which converges on a steady state driven quantity requirement value, and a change in driven quantity demand signal. The system further has a feedback loop which generates the first output signal in response to the aggregate driven quantity demand signal. The system also has a first variable gain which tunes the change in driven quantity demand signal in response to a reference demand signal. The feedback loop includes a second variable gain which tunes the rate at which the first output signal converges on the steady state driven quantity requirement value. Typically, the reference demand signal corresponds to a desired value or desired change in value of a parameter which is itself varied or controlled by actuation of the actuatable component.