Variable Gain Horn With Detachable Lens for QZ and SNR Switching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current testing methods for mobile communications devices at 6G frequencies face challenges in achieving a large quiet zone (QZ) without compromising the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), leading to measurement errors due to cumbersome and inaccurate switching of feedhorns in anechoic chambers.
Innovation Solution
A variable gain horn system that allows easy switching between low-gain and high-gain modes by attaching and detaching a diverging lens on the distal end without using external fasteners, enabling accurate and ergonomic testing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If a low-gain horn is used to fully illuminate the CATR main mirror, then a large quiet zone (QZ) is achieved, but the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between low-gain and high-gain horn configurations based on testing requirements. The low-gain horn is used when large QZ is needed, while the high-gain horn is used when high SNR is prioritized, allowing the system to adapt to different testing scenarios rather than being fixed in one configuration.
Solution Approach 2:
The feedhorn assembly is segmented into separable components (low-gain horn and high-gain horn) that can be independently selected and attached to the CATR system. This segmentation allows the testing system to use only the specific horn configuration needed for each test, rather than being constrained to a single fixed configuration.
2Reliability
If a high-gain horn is used to illuminate a small portion of the mirror, then SNR is improved, but the quiet zone area is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between low-gain and high-gain horn configurations based on testing requirements. The high-gain horn is used when high SNR is prioritized, while the low-gain horn is used when large QZ is needed, allowing the system to adapt to different testing scenarios rather than being fixed in one configuration.
Solution Approach 2:
The feedhorn assembly is segmented into separable components (low-gain horn and high-gain horn) that can be independently selected and attached to the CATR system. This segmentation allows the testing system to use only the specific horn configuration needed for each test, rather than being constrained to a single fixed configuration.
3Adaptability or versatility
If feedhorns are swapped using known structures, then switching between low-gain and high-gain modes is possible, but the process is cumbersome and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The screws and fastening mechanisms are extracted from the horn assembly, leaving a simple bayonet-style interface. This extraction of unnecessary components simplifies the attachment process to a single rotational motion, eliminating the time-consuming step-by-step screw fastening process while maintaining secure connection.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of using a complex multi-step fastening mechanism (screws requiring multiple turns and adjustments), the system uses a simple bayonet interface that achieves secure attachment through a single rotational motion. The complexity is inverted from multiple simple steps to one integrated action.
4Strength
If screws are used to attach feedhorns, then secure fastening is achieved, but placement accuracy is compromised due to flange misalignment
Solution Approach 1:
The screws and adjustable fastening mechanisms are extracted from the horn assembly, leaving a simple bayonet-style interface. This extraction of unnecessary components simplifies the attachment process to a single rotational motion, eliminating the time-consuming step-by-step screw fastening process while maintaining secure connection.
Solution Approach 2:
The complex mechanical screw-fastening system is replaced with a simpler bayonet interface mechanism. The bayonet interface provides both positioning and securing functions through a single rotational motion, replacing the multi-component screw system that required separate positioning and fastening steps.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides improved SNR and QZ performance by allowing seamless transitions between testing modes, reducing measurement errors and enhancing the accuracy of electromagnetic testing.
Implementation Method 1
A variable gain horn comprises: a horn adapted to transmit electromagnetic signals... When the diverging lens is not disposed at the distal end of the horn, the variable gain horn without the diverging lens attached to the distal end transmits the electromagnetic signals at a higher directivity than when the variable gain horn with the diverging lens attached to the distal end.
Data Source
AI summary
A variable gain horn and a system for testing an antenna with the variable gain horn is disclosed. The variable gain horn includes a horn adapted to transmit electromagnetic signals to an antenna under test. The horn is adapted to have a diverging lens attached and detached without fasteners at its distal end of the horn by a form fit. When the diverging lens is not attached, the variable gain horn transmit the electromagnetic signals at a higher directivity than when the variable gain horn with the diverging lens attached to the distal end. The system also comprises a parabolic mirror adapted to reflect the electromagnetic signals incident thereon from the variable gain horn to an antenna under test (AUT).