Variable Compressor Inlet Geometry for Low-Flow Surge Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing compressors have limited operational efficiency at low volume flows due to the surge limit constraint, which restricts their usable compressor characteristic map and leads to inefficient operation.
Innovation Solution
A compressor with a variable inlet cross-section mechanism, utilizing rotatably mounted diaphragm elements and an adjusting ring, allows for adaptive adjustment of the compressor inlet size, expanding the usable characteristic map and improving flow homogeneity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If the compressor inlet cross section is reduced, then the flow acceleration and homogeneous inflow are improved, but the volume flow capability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the dynamics principle by implementing a variable inlet cross-section mechanism that can dynamically adjust the inlet area based on operating conditions. The adjusting mechanism includes movable diaphragm elements that can change the inlet cross-section from a first size to a second size, allowing the compressor to optimize flow characteristics across different volume flow ranges and extend the usable characteristic map below the traditional surge limit.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the compressor inlet cross section is reduced, then the surge limit is displaced to lower volume flows, but the inlet area is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The variable inlet cross-section mechanism enables the compressor to adapt its inlet area dynamically. At high volume flows, the inlet cross-section is maintained at a larger size to accommodate high flow rates. At low volume flows, the inlet cross-section is reduced to accelerate the flow and push the surge limit to lower volume flows, thereby extending the usable characteristic map across a broader operating range.
3Productivity
If a fixed compressor inlet is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the operational efficiency at low volume flows is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamic inlet configuration with adjusting mechanisms including movable diaphragm elements and actuators that can modify the inlet cross-section based on operating conditions. This dynamic capability allows the compressor to maintain high operational efficiency across both high and low volume flow ranges, despite the increased device complexity introduced by the variable geometry mechanism.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enhances compressor efficiency, reducing fuel consumption and torque build-up for downstream internal combustion engines by extending the operational range to lower volume flows and minimizing flow detachment at the compressor wheel hub.
Implementation Method 1
a reduction of the cross section of the compressor inlet leads to an acceleration of the flow
Implementation Method 2
a detachment of the flow in the area of the hub of the compressor wheel may be reduced or avoided due to the narrowing of the cross section
Data Source
AI summary
A compressor with a compressor housing in which a compressor wheel is arranged. The compressor additionally includes a cartridge which is arranged in the compressor housing in the area of a compressor inlet. The cartridge is designed to variably change the cross section of the compressor inlet.