Variable-Length NAL Unit Headers for Scalable Video Coding

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing video coding standards face inefficiencies in managing scalable dimensions, leading to increased complexity and bit wastage due to fixed-length NAL unit headers that must accommodate all possible scalable dimensions simultaneously, even when not all dimensions are in use.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of variable-length NAL unit headers that dynamically allocate bits based on active scalable dimensions, using a dimension range parameter set and NAL unit header map to signal only active dimensions and their values, thereby omitting unnecessary syntax elements and reducing overhead.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If fixed-length NAL unit headers are used to accommodate all possible scalable dimensions, then future extensibility and compatibility are maintained, but bit wastage and overhead increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefuture extensibilityVSAvoidbit wastage
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The NAL unit header structure is made dynamic by introducing a dimension range parameter set that indicates which scalable dimensions are active. The header length and content adapt based on the actual scalability requirements of the video data, rather than using a static fixed-length format. This allows the header to expand or contract depending on the number and type of scalable dimensions present.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of header length from fixed to variable based on the dimension range parameter set. By encoding the actual number of scalable dimensions and their ranges, the header efficiently uses only the necessary bits to represent the active dimensions, eliminating waste while preserving the ability to represent any combination of scalable dimensions through parameter configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of manufacture

If fixed-length NAL unit headers are used to accommodate all scalable dimensions, then implementation simplicity is maintained, but coding complexity and overhead increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimplementation simplicityVSAvoidcoding complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The NAL unit header is segmented into multiple parts: a fixed portion containing universal syntax elements, and a variable portion containing dimension-specific syntax elements. The dimension range parameter set acts as a control structure that determines which variable portions are present. This segmentation allows the fixed part to remain simple while the variable part adapts to complexity only when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If all scalable dimension syntax elements are always coded, then completeness and compatibility are ensured, but bit efficiency decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecompatibilityVSAvoidbit efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

Different parts of the NAL unit header have different qualities of presence. The fixed portion is always present for compatibility, while the variable portion containing scalable dimension syntax elements is selectively present based on the dimension range parameter set. This local quality approach ensures that only the necessary syntax elements for the actual scalability type are coded, improving bit efficiency while maintaining compatibility through the always-present fixed portion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP2740268B1Coding parameter sets for various scalabilities in video coding
Publication Date: 2020.11.18 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP2740268B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2740268B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2740268B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In one example, a device for coding video data includes a video coder configured to code, for a bitstream, information representative of which of a plurality of video coding dimensions are enabled for the bitstream, and code values for each of the enabled video coding dimensions, without coding values for the video coding dimensions that are not enabled, in a network abstraction layer (NAL) unit header of a NAL unit comprising video data coded according to the values for each of the enabled video coding dimensions. In this manner, NAL unit headers may have variable lengths, while still providing information for scalable dimensions to which the NAL units correspond.