Variable Orifice Valve Seating Control for Engine Noise
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing valve seating devices in internal combustion engines rely on constant seating velocities, which can be problematic as they do not account for varying engine conditions, leading to potential interference with overall engine operation and issues like noise, vibration, and valve damage due to high seating velocities during lost motion scenarios.
Innovation Solution
A device with a variable orifice system that adjusts its area based on pressure changes within a chamber connected to the movable part, allowing for control of the movable part's motion by fluid flow, and incorporates position-based and parameter-based control mechanisms to respond to varying operating conditions such as engine speed, load, and oil pressure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If a constant seating velocity is used, then the valve seating device operates simply, but it causes noise, vibration, and valve damage under varying engine conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a variable orifice area that dynamically adjusts based on engine operating conditions. The orifice area is made variable through pressure-dependent elements or position-based mechanisms, allowing the valve seating device to adapt its damping characteristics in real-time to match changing engine conditions, thereby reducing noise and vibration while preventing valve damage.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the key parameter of orifice area from constant to variable. By making the orifice area dependent on pressure or position parameters, the system can optimize valve seating velocity for different operating conditions. This parameter change enables the system to maintain low seating velocities under high-speed conditions while allowing faster seating under low-speed conditions, thus eliminating the harmful effects of constant velocity across all conditions.
2Measurement precision
If a variable orifice area responsive to pressure is used, then control precision of movable part motion is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs pressure-dependent elements that automatically adjust the orifice area in response to chamber pressure changes. This self-regulating mechanism eliminates the need for external actuators or complex control systems, as the system uses the existing pressure field to control the orifice area. The pressure-dependent element passively responds to pressure changes, providing precise motion control without adding significant device complexity.
3Adaptability or versatility
If position-based control is implemented, then adaptability to varying engine conditions is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses the chamber pressure as an intermediary parameter that indirectly reflects engine operating conditions. Instead of directly sensing engine speed, load, or oil pressure, the system uses pressure-dependent elements that respond to chamber pressure, which naturally varies with these conditions. This intermediary approach provides adaptability to multiple engine parameters while avoiding the complexity of multiple sensors and control mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables more precise control of movable parts, such as engine valves, by adjusting seating velocities in response to changing conditions, reducing noise, vibration, and potential damage by ensuring optimal operation across a range of engine parameters.
Implementation Method 1
a variable orifice having an orifice area that is responsive to pressure within the first chamber... Movement of the movable part is controlled by flow of a fluid from the first chamber to the second chamber via the variable orifice
Data Source
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AI summary
For controlling motion of a movable part, a device comprises a first chamber and a second chamber in fluid communication with each other via a variable orifice that is responsive to pressure within the first chamber. Movement of the movable part is thereby at least partially controlled by flow of a fluid from the first chamber to the second chamber via the variable orifice. An increase in pressure in the first chamber may cause an increase in orifice area, whereas a decrease in pressure may cause a decrease in the orifice area. Pressure-dependent elements that change geometries and/or the pressure-based opening/closing of one or more bypass channels may be used for this purpose. Where bypass channels are used, a valve may be opened/closed based on an operating parameter of a system in which the movable part is a component. Such a system may comprise an internal combustion engine.