Variable Speed Scavenge Air Cleaner for Particulate Management

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing air filter systems for internal combustion engines face challenges in efficiently managing particulate separation and scavenging, particularly in harsh environments, where filter media lifespan is reduced due to inadequate particulate removal and pressure management.

Innovation Solution

An air cleaner assembly with a precleaner assembly including a particle separator and a scavenge system driven by an electric motor, controlled by a sensor and controller system that adjusts scavenging speed based on operational parameters such as dust condition, pressure drop, and vehicle location to maintain optimal pressure and efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a fixed-speed scavenge system is used, then the structure is simple, but the particulate removal efficiency is insufficient under varying operating conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparticulate removal efficiencyVSAvoidscavenge system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The scavenge system employs variable speed fans that can dynamically adjust their rotational speed based on operating conditions such as dust concentration, vehicle speed, and engine load. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to optimize particulate removal efficiency across different scenarios while managing the complexity through intelligent control rather than multiple fixed-speed components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes operational parameters including fan speed, scavenge airflow rate, and pressure differential across the precleaner assembly based on sensor inputs. By varying these parameters in response to real-time conditions, the system achieves high productivity under diverse operating conditions without requiring a completely different system for each scenario

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If the scavenge system operates at high speed continuously, then particulate removal efficiency is high, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparticulate removal efficiencyVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The scavenge system operates in periodic cycles, alternating between active scavenge operations and idle or low-power states. The controller activates the variable speed fans only when particulate removal is needed, such as when dust sensors detect high contaminant levels or when the vehicle is in motion, thereby reducing overall energy consumption while maintaining high productivity when required

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The system adjusts fan speed parameters dynamically based on actual needs rather than operating at constant high speed. The controller modulates the rotational speed of the scavenge fans to match the current operating conditions, using higher speeds only when necessary for effective particulate removal and lower speeds or idle states when conditions permit, thus optimizing the trade-off between productivity and energy consumption

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Duration of action of stationary object

If the precleaner assembly is not serviced regularly, then operation is simple, but filter media lifespan is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefilter media lifespanVSAvoidserviceing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system incorporates sensors that continuously monitor operating parameters such as pressure differential across the precleaner assembly, dust concentration, and airflow characteristics. This feedback information is processed by the controller to determine when the precleaner requires servicing or maintenance, enabling proactive management of filter media lifespan without requiring complex manual serviceing procedures

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs self-diagnosis and self-monitoring of the precleaner assembly condition through integrated sensors and controllers. The system can automatically detect when the precleaner is becoming clogged or inefficient and can trigger appropriate responses such as alerting the operator or adjusting operational parameters, thereby extending filter media lifespan through automated monitoring rather than complex manual serviceing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

4Reliability

If the scavenge system is not controlled dynamically, then the system is simple, but airflow quality becomes inconsistent under varying conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveairflow quality consistencyVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses sensors to continuously monitor airflow parameters, dust concentration, and pressure differentials, providing feedback to the controller. This feedback loop enables the controller to dynamically adjust fan speeds and scavenge system operations to maintain consistent airflow quality despite varying operating conditions such as changes in vehicle speed, engine load, or environmental dust levels

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The scavenge system employs variable speed fans that can dynamically adjust their rotational speed based on operating conditions such as dust concentration, vehicle speed, and engine load. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to optimize particulate removal efficiency across different scenarios while managing the complexity through intelligent control rather than multiple fixed-speed components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system enhances particulate separation efficiency, extends filter media lifespan by optimizing scavenging operations, and ensures consistent airflow quality by dynamically adjusting scavenging speed in response to varying conditions.

Implementation Method 1

a precleaner assembly including at least one particle separator for separating particulates from an airflow stream

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCentrifugal separation: Centrifugal Separation

Implementation Method 2

a scavenge system for evacuating the separated particulates out of the scavenge port, the scavenge system including an electric motor coupled to an fan

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure differential: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP4121194B1Air cleaner assembly
Publication Date: 2024.12.18 DONALDSON CO INC
  • EP4121194B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4121194B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4121194B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An air cleaner assembly for filtering intake air for a power plant can include a filter cartridge disposed within a housing of the air cleaner assembly, a precleaner assembly including at least one particle separator for separating particulates from an airflow stream and a scavenge port for discharging the separated particulates, the precleaner assembly being located upstream of the filter cartridge, a scavenge system for evacuating the separated particulates out of the scavenge port, the scavenge system including an electric motor coupled to an fan, an input sensor generating an input signal relating to a parameter associated with one or more of the precleaner assembly, the air cleaner assembly, a power plant receiving air from the air cleaner assembly, and a vehicle associated with the power plant, and a controller for operating the speed of the scavenge system based on the input signal from the input sensor.