Different-Size Filter Media for High-Flow Wastewater Filtration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing wastewater filtration technologies face challenges in maintaining stable and efficient operation while effectively removing organics and solids from high-flow wastewater, particularly due to fluctuations in flow rate and pollutant concentration, and require additional energy for backwashing and separate pretreatment processes.
Innovation Solution
A filtration device and method utilizing vertically distributed wastewater and backwash water, combined with filter media of different sizes, to achieve stable and efficient removal of organics and solids by minimizing head loss, including a distribution channel, filter media with varying buoyancy, and a treated water storage tank for efficient backwashing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single filter medium is used, then the structure is simple, but the filtration duration is shortened because solids are stocked at the filter media located on the inlet side
Solution Approach 1:
The filter medium is segmented into multiple layers with different particle sizes. The inlet side uses larger particle size media while the outlet side uses smaller particle size media. This segmentation prevents solids accumulation at the inlet side and extends filtration duration by distributing the filtration function across different layers.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the filter medium have different local properties - specifically, different particle sizes are used at different locations. The inlet side has coarser media for initial solid removal while the outlet side has finer media for polished filtration, optimizing both capacity and duration.
2Reliability
If backwash water supply pump capacity is increased to expand filter medium for backwashing, then backwashing effectiveness is improved, but additional energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses the treated water produced by the filtration process itself as the backwash water source. This self-service approach eliminates the need for additional large-capacity backwash water supply pumps and reduces energy consumption while maintaining effective backwashing capability.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of discarding the treated water, it is recovered and reused as backwash water. This closes the water loop, reduces external water requirements, and eliminates the energy penalty associated with pumping large volumes of backwash water.
3Productivity
If settled solids concentration in influent is high, then solids removal is improved, but separate pretreatment process becomes essential
Solution Approach 1:
The filter medium is segmented into layers with progressively smaller particle sizes from inlet to outlet. This segmentation allows the system to handle high suspended solids concentration directly without pretreatment, as each layer captures different size ranges of solids.
Solution Approach 2:
The particle size parameter of the filter medium is changed across different layers. By varying the particle size from coarse at the inlet to fine at the outlet, the system can process high-solids influent directly and maintain high solids removal efficiency without requiring separate pretreatment processes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution allows for stable and efficient operation by minimizing head loss while simultaneously removing organics and solids from high-flow wastewater, achieving high solids removal rates and significant BOD reduction, with improved efficiency compared to conventional methods.
Implementation Method 1
the filter media having a relatively larger size receive a greater buoyancy than the filter media having a relatively smaller size by the wastewater distributed vertically upward by the distribution channel
Implementation Method 2
filter media for raising due to a lower specific gravity than water when the wastewater is distributed vertically upward from the distribution channel to filter solids and organics in the wastewater
Implementation Method 3
descending when the backwash water flows in vertically downward to remove the attached solids and organics
Implementation Method 4
a distribution channel for distributing an incoming wastewater vertically upward or discharging backwash water, received vertically downward, to the outside
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a wastewater filtering method and apparatus comprising filter media of different sizes. According to one aspect of the present embodiment, provided a wastewater filtering method and apparatus capable of stable and efficient operation by minimizing the head loss as well as simultaneously removing organic matter and solids in a large flow of wastewater.