Variable Speed Direct Drive Transmission for Scooters

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing transmission systems for scooters, go-carts, and motorcycles lack the ability to efficiently vary speed and torque without adding weight, complexity, or cost, and often compromise stability due to the need for multiple moving parts and axial movement of the drive unit, which can lead to instability and maintenance issues.

Innovation Solution

A direct drive transmission system utilizing a friction element guided along the primary axis of the motor drive shaft, with a roll bearing and spring mechanism, allowing for stepped or continuous variable transmission without axial movement of the motor or coupling mechanism, and featuring a conical transition zone for easy operation and reduced inertia.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a basic throttle mechanism is used to control motor speed, then the vehicle structure remains simple and inexpensive, but the capability to adjust vehicle speed is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespeed adjustment capabilityVSAvoidtransmission system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The drive shaft is segmented into multiple functional zones (first friction engagement zone, second friction engagement zone, third friction engagement zone) with different diameters, allowing each zone to engage the drive wheel at different positions to provide variable speed ratios without requiring a complex multi-gear transmission system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the effective radius parameter of the drive shaft by engaging different friction zones at different positions along the axial direction, thereby varying the transmission ratio and achieving speed adjustment without complex mechanical transmissions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If multiple moving parts are used in the transmission system, then speed variation capability is improved, but vehicle stability deteriorates due to increased inertia

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespeed variation capabilityVSAvoidvehicle stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The drive shaft is divided into multiple friction engagement zones with different diameters positioned along its length, allowing speed variation by engaging different zones without requiring multiple separate moving components, thus maintaining vehicle stability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The friction element can dynamically shift its engagement position along the axial direction of the drive shaft, allowing continuous or stepped variation of the transmission ratio while maintaining a simple overall structure with minimal moving parts

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Adaptability or versatility

If axial movement of the drive unit is used for shifting, then speed variation is achieved, but ride stability deteriorates due to movement during operation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespeed variationVSAvoidride stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The friction element can shift between different engagement zones along the axial direction of the drive shaft during operation, enabling speed variation while the drive unit remains in a fixed position, thus maintaining ride stability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The shifting function is extracted from the drive unit as a whole and implemented instead by the friction element's ability to engage different zones of the drive shaft, eliminating the need for axial movement of the entire drive unit

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Adaptability or versatility

If conventional transmission systems are installed, then speed control capability is improved, but vehicle weight increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespeed control capabilityVSAvoidvehicle weight
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The transmission function is merged into the drive shaft itself by creating multiple friction engagement zones with different diameters along its length, eliminating the need for separate transmission components and reducing overall vehicle weight

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The drive shaft serves multiple functions: it transmits torque and simultaneously provides variable speed ratios through its different diameter zones, eliminating the need for dedicated transmission components and reducing vehicle weight

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system provides a user-friendly, lightweight, and low-maintenance solution that allows for variable speed transmission without disrupting the ride, minimizing instability and maintenance needs, while occupying minimal space between the drive wheel and propulsion system.

Implementation Method 1

a friction element which is movable in the direction of the primary axis of the motor drive shaft and which acts as a shift that changes the torque applied to the periphery of a wheel

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP1999007B1Variable speed direct drive transmission
Publication Date: 2009.10.28 CAKIR AGA MOTORLU TASITLAR SANAYI & TICARET
  • EP1999007B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP1999007B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP1999007B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A direct drive transmission system suitable for use with scooters, go-carts or motorcycles is disclosed. The transmission system comprises a drive shaft coupled to a motor shaft and a friction element which is guided longitudinally on said drive shaft, rotating with the rotation of the drive shaft. The system further comprises a roll bearing fixedly attached around at least part of the periphery of its inner ring to an end of the friction element and a stopper which is fixedly attached to the outer ring of said roll bearing. The stopper is adapted to affix a wire, which when pulled, moves longitudinally said friction element towards the inner end of the drive shaft so as to allow engagement of said friction element onto a traction surface of the drive wheel.