Vascular Image Registration for Interventional Device Navigation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing techniques for navigating interventional devices in vascular interventions face challenges due to the poor visibility of vessels in fluoroscopic images, leading to ambiguity about the vessel location of the device.
Innovation Solution
A system that calculates three-dimensional positions of interventional devices in volumetric angiographic images based on registration operations between angiographic and fluoroscopic images, providing a clear image representation of the vascular region.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If contrast agent is injected into the vasculature during fluoroscopic imaging to improve vessel visibility, then vessel visibility is improved, but health risks and contrast agent consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system creates a virtual copy of the vascular anatomy by registering the 3D volumetric angiographic image (acquired with contrast agent) to the live fluoroscopic images. This registered 3D image serves as a roadmap that displays vessel locations without requiring additional contrast agent injection during the fluoroscopic navigation phase, thereby reducing contrast agent consumption while maintaining vessel visibility
Solution Approach 2:
The system introduces a registration transformation as an intermediary between the 3D volumetric image and the 2D fluoroscopic images. This registration process maps the high-visibility contrast-enhanced 3D anatomy onto the low-visibility fluoroscopic sequence, allowing vessels to be visualized through the registered 3D data rather than through repeated contrast injection
2Speed
If 2D projected fluoroscopic images are used for real-time device navigation, then real-time guidance is achieved, but vessel location ambiguity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system resolves the 2D-to-3D mapping ambiguity by performing registration between 2D fluoroscopic projections and a 3D volumetric angiographic image. The 3D volume provides depth information and spatial context that eliminates the ambiguity inherent in 2D projections, allowing accurate determination of device position within the vascular tree while maintaining real-time fluoroscopic guidance
3Measurement precision
If 3D volumetric angiographic images are acquired to improve spatial understanding, then spatial accuracy is improved, but contrast agent consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system acquires the 3D volumetric angiographic image with contrast agent beforehand, before the fluoroscopic navigation phase. This preliminary 3D acquisition provides comprehensive spatial information about the vasculature, and the registered 3D image can then be reused throughout the entire fluoroscopic procedure without requiring additional contrast agent, thereby reducing total contrast consumption while maintaining spatial accuracy
Data Source
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AI summary
A system for providing an image representation of a vascular region, is provided. The system comprises one or more processors configured to receive a volumetric angiographic image (120) of the vascular region; receive one or more projected angiographic images (130) of the vascular region; and receive a live sequence of projected fluoroscopic images (140) of the vascular region. The live sequence of projected fluoroscopic images includes at least a portion of an interventional device (150). The one or more processors calculate three-dimensional positions of the at least a portion of the interventional device in the volumetric angiographic image (120) corresponding to two-dimensional positions of the at least a portion of the interventional device in the live sequence of projected fluoroscopic images (140), based on a first registration operation (160) wherein the volumetric angiographic image (120) is registered to the one or more projected angiographic images (130), and a second registration operation (170) wherein the live sequence of projected fluoroscopic images (140) is registered to the one or more projected angiographic images (130). The one or more processors also output an image representation (180) of the vascular region. The image representation (180) is determined based on the calculated three-dimensional positions of the at least a portion of the interventional device (150) in the volumetric angiographic image (120).