Vector Noise Cancellation for Instant Signal Adaptation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing noise reduction systems, such as single-channel spectral subtraction and multi-channel beamforming, face challenges in quickly adapting to changing noise conditions and maintaining signal integrity, particularly in environments with stringent timing requirements like telecommunications and command-and-control systems.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of vector noise cancellation (VNC) techniques, which involve combining input signals with weighted factors to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio, allowing for instantaneous adaptation and minimizing distortion of target signals, even in the presence of wind noise.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If single-channel spectral subtraction is used to reduce noises, then noise reduction is achieved, but the integrity of the interesting signal is compromised due to waveform distortion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from single-channel spectral subtraction to multi-channel vector noise cancellation, adding spatial dimension to the noise reduction process. By using multiple sensor elements and processing signals in the spatial domain rather than only frequency domain, the system achieves noise reduction while preserving signal integrity through vector operations that maintain waveform characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the traditional spectral subtraction mechanism with a vector-based noise cancellation mechanism. Instead of distorting waveforms through spectral manipulation, the system uses vector operations (addition, subtraction, weighting) on multi-channel signals to cancel noise while preserving the original signal waveform integrity.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If single-channel spectral subtraction is used, then noise reduction is achieved, but a long adaptation time is required to collect and process initial noise samples
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary action by using multiple sensor elements that continuously capture spatial signal information in real-time. The vector noise cancellation algorithm processes these pre-captured multi-channel signals immediately, eliminating the need for lengthy adaptation periods to collect noise samples. The spatial redundancy provided by multiple sensors enables instant noise characterization and cancellation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system maintains continuous noise cancellation operation through real-time processing of multi-channel signals. Unlike spectral subtraction that requires periodic adaptation, the vector noise cancellation continuously processes incoming signals from multiple sensors, providing ongoing noise reduction without interruption or lengthy adaptation phases.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If multi-channel beamforming is used to cancel noises, then noise cancellation is achieved, but intensive calculations are required forming beams from various sources
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the essential noise cancellation function from complex beamforming operations. Instead of forming complete beams with intensive calculations, the system extracts noise components through vector operations on multi-channel signals and cancels them directly. This extraction approach removes unnecessary computational complexity while retaining effective noise cancellation capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial action by using a simplified version of beamforming that focuses only on the necessary vector operations for noise cancellation. Rather than performing full beamforming calculations to form complete spatial beams, the system performs partial processing that extracts and cancels noise components with reduced computational effort while achieving sufficient noise reduction performance.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If multi-channel beamforming is used, then noise cancellation is achieved, but a long adaptation time is required to determine magnitudes in input signals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service by enabling the multi-channel system to automatically characterize and cancel noise without requiring lengthy adaptation periods. The vector noise cancellation algorithm processes real-time signals from multiple sensors, allowing the system to serve itself by continuously adapting to changing noise conditions instantaneously through ongoing signal processing rather than pre-adaptation.
5Object-affected harmful factors
If sensor element sensitivities vary in multi-channel systems, then the efficiency of noise cancellation is severely degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by allowing each sensor element to operate with its own sensitivity characteristics without requiring uniform sensitivity across all elements. The vector noise cancellation algorithm processes signals from each sensor individually, accommodating local variations in sensitivity while maintaining overall system effectiveness. Each channel's unique sensitivity profile is handled independently through vector operations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent compensates for varying sensor sensitivities by dynamically adjusting parameters in the vector noise cancellation algorithm. Instead of requiring fixed sensitivity values, the system adapts processing parameters based on the actual sensitivity characteristics of each sensor element, maintaining noise cancellation efficiency despite parameter variations across the sensor array.
Data Source
AI summary
Techniques are provided for vector noise cancellation. Different value combinations for a plurality of weighting factors may be established for a plurality of selection regions. Each value combination for the plurality of weighting factors may correspond to a different combination of a set of input signals. One or more characteristics of input signals may be used to select a particular selection region. A particular value combination of the set of weighting factors may be chosen to attenuate or amplify the input signals to generate one or more output signals.