Vehicle AC Compressor Drive via Hybrid Electric Machine

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing air-conditioning systems for industrial vehicles face challenges in providing adequate cooling during vehicle stops, as they struggle to reconcile the power requirements of electric motors with the need to conserve battery power and optimize energy use.

Innovation Solution

An air-conditioning system that incorporates a main internal combustion engine, a refrigeration circuit, an alternating current electric machine, and a clutch system allowing the compressor to be driven by either the engine or the electric machine, with a control unit to manage energy conversion and storage, enabling efficient operation using high-efficiency batteries and reducing fuel consumption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If an auxiliary generator set with internal combustion engine is used to provide power during vehicle stops, then air-conditioning power availability is improved, but device complexity and fuel consumption increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair-conditioning power availabilityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The electric machine is designed to perform multiple functions: it can operate as a motor to drive the compressor during vehicle stops, as a generator to charge batteries during vehicle operation, and as an engine brake. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for a separate auxiliary generator set, reducing system complexity while maintaining air-conditioning power availability during stops.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines the auxiliary power function with the existing electric machine that is already part of the hybrid powertrain system. By merging the air-conditioning drive function into the existing electric machine rather than adding a separate auxiliary generator set, the system achieves power availability during stops without increasing overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Power

If a high-power electric motor is used to drive the compressor during stops, then air-conditioning performance is improved, but battery dimensions and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompressor drive powerVSAvoidbattery capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The electric machine charges the batteries during vehicle operation phases before stops occur. This preliminary charging action ensures that sufficient energy is stored in the batteries to power the compressor during subsequent vehicle stops, allowing high air-conditioning performance without requiring excessively large battery capacity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system maintains continuous energy availability by having the electric machine charge batteries during vehicle operation and then using those charged batteries to power the compressor during stops. This continuous cycle of charging and discharging ensures adequate power for air-conditioning without requiring the batteries to be oversized to handle peak demand alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

3Loss of energy

If the electric machine is used as a generator during vehicle operation, then energy recovery is improved, but control complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy recoveryVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The electric machine serves as both a motor and generator within the same hybrid powertrain system. When functioning as a generator during vehicle operation, it recovers energy to charge batteries. The existing control systems for hybrid powertrains are adapted to manage this dual functionality, avoiding the need for separate dedicated control systems and reducing overall control complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system ensures reliable air-conditioning during vehicle stops by optimizing energy use, reducing fuel consumption, and allowing the electric machine to function as a generator or motor, effectively managing power distribution and storage.

Implementation Method 1

an alternating current electric machine (7), preferably a brushless synchronous or asynchronous machine; it can also function as a generator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic conversion: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

the evaporator 6 is suitable to remove heat from the cab of a vehicle thanks to the evaporation of said fluid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Data Source

PatentEP1905623B1Air-conditioning system for a vehicle, in particular an industrial vehicle, and vehicle equipped with said system
Publication Date: 2010.01.20 IVECO SPA
  • EP1905623B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

Air-conditioning system for a vehicle, preferably an industrial vehicle, said system comprising: a main internal combustion engine (1); an alternating current electric machine (7) suitable to function as a motor and/or generator; a refrigeration circuit (2) comprising a compressor (3), suitable to be driven by said main engine or by said electric machine; a source (8) of electric power suitable to supply said electric machine characterized by comprising three clutches (10, 11, 12) suitable for independently connecting/disconnecting said main engine to said compressor, to said electric machine or said compressor to said electric machine. Vehicle equipped with said system.