Dynamic Vehicle Base Station Role Switching for Network Load Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing ultra-high density wireless communication networks face inefficiencies due to fixed base station arrangements, leading to unnecessary base stations and signal degradation from obstacles, which affects energy and cost efficiency as well as quality of service (QoS) in complex urban environments.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a method that allows vehicle-based mobile base stations to operate as both user equipment (UE) and base stations, dynamically adjusting their roles based on traffic loads and signal quality, using a hybrid optimization method to determine whether to operate as small base stations or normal UEs, thereby optimizing network operations and maintaining QoS.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If fixed base stations are deployed densely in urban environments, then coverage is improved, but energy consumption and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic base station operation where vehicles can switch between UE and base station roles based on real-time traffic load and signal quality conditions. This dynamic adaptation allows the network to activate additional base stations only when and where needed, rather than maintaining a fixed dense deployment, thereby reducing overall energy consumption while maintaining coverage reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
Vehicles are equipped with dual functionality, serving as both user equipment (UE) and base stations depending on network conditions. This multi-functionality allows the same physical entity to fulfill different roles, reducing the need for dedicated fixed base stations in all locations and thereby lowering energy consumption and deployment costs while maintaining coverage.
2Reliability
If fixed base stations are deployed densely in urban environments, then coverage is improved, but cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically determines whether vehicles should operate as base stations or UEs based on real-time network conditions including traffic load and signal quality. This dynamic approach replaces the need for costly fixed base station infrastructure in all urban areas with a flexible, on-demand vehicle-based solution, reducing deployment and operational costs while maintaining coverage.
Solution Approach 2:
Vehicles autonomously determine their operational role (UE or base station) based on pre-configured conditions and real-time network state without requiring manual intervention or fixed infrastructure. This self-service capability reduces the need for expensive fixed base stations and manual network management, lowering overall system cost while maintaining coverage reliability.
3Adaptability or versatility
If vehicles operate as mobile base stations, then network flexibility and QoS are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Vehicles are designed with universal communication capabilities that allow them to function as both UEs and base stations. This multi-functionality is achieved through integrated transceivers and processing units that can operate in different modes, providing network flexibility without requiring separate dedicated hardware for each role, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes operational parameters (transceiver configuration, signal processing modes) based on the vehicle's current role as UE or base station, rather than changing physical hardware. This parameter-based adaptation provides network flexibility while keeping the physical device structure relatively simple, as the same hardware can be reconfigured through software/control signals.
Data Source
AI summary
A method by a first base station comprises receiving a message including information related to a sum of traffic loads of user equipment and information related to a location of a second base station from second base stations, identifying a sum of traffic loads transmitted from the second base stations, to the UEs, identifying whether the identified sum of the traffic loads is larger than a sum of data rates for the corresponding UEs of the corresponding second base stations located in the specific first area, when the identified sum of the traffic loads is larger than the sum of the data rates, identifying a specific UE to be operated as a second base station among the corresponding UEs located in the specific first area, and transmitting information indicating that the specific UE is to operate as the second base station to the specific UE.