Vehicle Braking Control Using Route-Aware Brake Load Planning
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing systems for vehicles with electromotive drives face challenges in compact and targeted dimensioning of friction brakes due to thermal load requirements, which affect braking efficiency and cost, especially during scenarios like downhill travel and varying battery states.
Innovation Solution
A method for controlling longitudinal dynamics by determining state and route information to create an action plan that optimally utilizes friction brakes and the electromotive drive for braking, allowing for efficient and uniform use of the vehicle's infrastructure, including the use of recuperative braking and active energization to manage temperature and load.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If friction brakes are dimensioned larger to handle thermal load during downhill travel and varying battery states, then braking reliability is improved, but vehicle weight and installation space increase
Solution Approach 1:
The control system performs preliminary analysis of route information (topography, traffic, weather) and state information (battery charge, drive system temperature, brake temperature) to predict future braking requirements. This allows the system to proactively manage thermal loads and battery states, ensuring braking reliability is maintained without requiring oversized friction brakes for worst-case scenarios.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes operational parameters including battery charge state, drive system temperature, and brake temperature through coordinated control of the electromotive drive and friction brakes. By actively managing these parameters based on predicted requirements, the system maintains reliability while allowing for more compact brake dimensioning.
2Productivity
If friction brakes are dimensioned larger to ensure adequate braking performance under all conditions, then braking efficiency is improved, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system determines an action plan in advance based on route and state information, predicting when and how braking will be needed. This preliminary planning allows for optimized brake dimensioning that matches actual requirements rather than designing for maximum possible loads, reducing manufacturing costs while maintaining efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs multiple braking mechanisms (friction brakes and electromotive drive) that can function independently or in combination. The electromotive drive serves dual purposes as both propulsion and braking system, allowing for reduced friction brake capacity while maintaining overall braking efficiency through coordinated multi-function operation.
3Use of energy by moving object
If the vehicle uses recuperative braking by the electromotive drive, then energy efficiency is improved, but the friction brakes may become overloaded due to thermal accumulation
Solution Approach 1:
The control system continuously monitors brake temperature, battery state of charge, and drive system temperature, using this feedback to dynamically adjust the braking strategy. When brake temperature approaches critical levels or battery is fully charged, the system reduces recuperative braking and increases friction brake usage, and vice versa, maintaining energy efficiency while preventing thermal overload.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically transitions between different braking modes (recuperative, friction, active energization) based on real-time conditions. This dynamic adaptation allows maximum energy recovery when conditions permit while automatically switching to friction braking when thermal or electrical constraints arise, optimizing both energy efficiency and thermal management.
4Reliability
If the vehicle actively energizes the electromotive drive for braking, then friction brake usage is reduced, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system predicts future braking requirements based on route and state information, allowing it to plan energy usage in advance. Active energization is strategically applied in scenarios where it prevents excessive friction brake usage and associated thermal management requirements, rather than being used continuously, thus reducing overall energy consumption while maintaining friction brake reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables more compact and efficient dimensioning of friction brakes, reducing thermal overload and optimizing energy use, ensuring effective braking performance while minimizing the use of friction brakes and maintaining system efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a drive system with an electromotive drive which acts on at least one wheel of the vehicle
Implementation Method 2
a brake system with friction brakes
Data Source
AI summary
A method for controlling the longitudinal dynamics of a vehicle, where the vehicle has a friction brake system brakes, a drive system with an electromotive drive acting on at least one wheel, and a battery for supplying power to the electromotive drive determines state information which describes the state of the vehicle and/or the state of the brake system and/or of the drive system. Route information is determined which describes the route profile of the vehicle. An action plan for implementing a future braking request by the friction brakes and/or the electromotive drive on the basis of the state information and the route information is determined. The action plan specifies, for future times and/or areas on the route, whether a braking request of the vehicle is to be implemented by means of the friction brake and/or the drive system and implements a braking request accordingly.