Vehicle Collision Avoidance Using Sequential Braking and Steering
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional collision avoidance systems face difficulties in effectively avoiding obstacles at high speeds, as the braking distance is proportional to the square of the vehicle's speed, making collision avoidance by braking control alone challenging.
Innovation Solution
A vehicle collision avoidance apparatus that differentiates the timing of Autonomous Emergency Braking and Autonomous Emergency Steering based on the type of obstacle, using an obstacle identifier, information collector, minimum braking time calculator, and controller to sequentially operate braking and steering, optimizing the timing to avoid collisions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If braking control alone is used for collision avoidance, then the system structure is simple, but collision avoidance becomes difficult at high speeds due to braking distance being proportional to the square of speed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines braking control and steering control into a unified collision avoidance system. The controller integrates both functions to sequentially perform braking followed by steering, enabling effective collision avoidance at high speeds where braking alone would be insufficient due to the quadratic relationship between braking distance and speed.
2Loss of time
If braking and steering are performed simultaneously, then collision avoidance response is faster, but control precision decreases and stability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by first performing braking control before steering control. The controller calculates the minimum braking time required to reduce vehicle speed, executes braking for this calculated duration, and then transitions to steering control. This sequential approach ensures that braking is completed in advance, providing a stable foundation for subsequent steering maneuvers and improving overall control precision while maintaining rapid response.
3Device complexity
If a fixed collision avoidance strategy is used, then the control system is simple, but adaptability to different obstacle types (vehicle vs. pedestrian) is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamic collision avoidance strategy where the controller adjusts the steering activation timing based on the identified type of obstacle. For vehicle obstacles, steering is activated after a longer minimum braking time, while for pedestrian obstacles, steering is activated after a shorter minimum braking time. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to optimize collision avoidance performance for different obstacle types without requiring fundamentally different control systems.
Data Source
AI summary
A vehicle collision avoidance apparatus and method are provided. The method includes identifying, by a controller, whether an obstacle is a vehicle or a pedestrian and collecting information required for calculating a minimum braking time and a minimum steering time. The controller is configured to calculate the minimum braking time to avoid a collision with the obstacle and the minimum steering time to avoid a collision with an obstacle. In addition, the a controller is configured to sequentially operating braking and steering of a traveling vehicle based on the minimum steering time depending on a type of identified obstacle.