Vehicle Controller Power Supply Isolation and Standby Redundancy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional vehicle power systems lack complete safety and reliability due to complexity, necessitating enhanced measures for the controller's power supply to ensure driving safety, particularly in the transformation of high voltage to low voltage for electric motor controllers.
Innovation Solution
An electric-power supplying device comprising an isolation driving unit, high-voltage inputting unit, output controlling unit, switch regulating unit, high-voltage starting-up unit, and auxiliary-power-supply unit, which transforms high voltage to low voltage and provides a standby power supply, incorporating features like absorbing loops and sampling elements for noise reduction and overcurrent protection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional entire-vehicle systems are used for low-voltage control power supplying, then the system structure is simple, but the safety and reliability cannot be made one-hundred-percent
Solution Approach 1:
The power supply system is segmented into multiple independent units: a first power supply unit (main power supply) and a second power supply unit (standby power supply). Each unit can independently supply power to the controller, ensuring that if one unit fails, the other can take over, thus improving reliability without requiring a completely complex system architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The standby power supply unit is pre-configured and ready before any power failure occurs. The circuit includes pre-designed switching mechanisms and control units that can immediately activate the standby power supply when the main power supply fails, eliminating the need for complex real-time decision-making during critical failure scenarios.
2Reliability
If the high-voltage battery is directly connected to provide low-voltage power, then the power supply is simple, but the voltage transformation and isolation are not ensured
Solution Approach 1:
A DC-DC converter is introduced as an intermediary device between the high-voltage battery and the controller. This converter performs voltage transformation and electrical isolation, ensuring that the high-voltage battery can safely provide low-voltage power to the controller without direct connection, thus maintaining power supply stability while managing circuit complexity through a standardized component.
Solution Approach 2:
The control unit monitors the output voltage of the DC-DC converter and adjusts the conversion process accordingly. This feedback mechanism ensures that the voltage transformation maintains stable and isolated power supply to the controller, preventing voltage fluctuations and ensuring reliable operation despite the added circuit complexity.
3Speed
If the switch regulating unit always operates, then the power supply response is fast, but the energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The switch regulating unit operates dynamically based on system needs rather than continuously. The control unit activates the switch regulating unit only when power supply adjustment is required, and deactivates it when stable power is sufficient. This dynamic operation maintains fast response capability when needed while reducing energy consumption during normal stable operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The control unit periodically monitors the power supply status and activates the switch regulating unit only during specific periods when adjustment is needed. This periodic activation rather than continuous operation maintains the ability to respond quickly to power supply changes while significantly reducing overall energy consumption during stable operating conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures timely low-voltage power supply from a high-voltage battery, stabilizes output voltage, and provides reliable power to the controller, preventing power failures and enhancing safety by using closed-loop feedback control and one-directional power output.
Implementation Method 1
an isolation driving unit, comprising a high-voltage-side winding and a low-voltage-side winding, configured to transform a high-voltage input from a high-voltage power supply into a low-voltage output
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an electric-power supplying device, wherein the device includes: an isolation driving unit, including a high-voltage-side winding and a low-voltage-side winding, configured to transform a high-voltage input from a high-voltage power supply into a low-voltage output; a high-voltage inputting unit, including a first switch part that is connected in series to the high-voltage-side winding of the isolation driving unit; an output controlling unit, including a first terminal that is connected to the low-voltage-side winding of the isolation driving unit, a second terminal for receiving an output enabling signal from external, and a third terminal for outputting a low-voltage power-supply electric power when the output enabling signal is high; a switch regulating unit, configured to output a switch regulating signal to the first switch part of the high-voltage inputting unit; a high-voltage starting-up unit, including a first end that is connected to the high-voltage power supply, and a second end that is connected to the switch regulating unit, configured to supply a starting-up voltage to the switch regulating unit; and an auxiliary-power-supply unit, including a first end that is coupled to the low-voltage-side winding of the isolation driving unit, and a second end that is connected to the switch regulating unit, configured to supply an electric power to the switch regulating unit.