Vehicle Communication System Using Directional Antennas for Interference Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing vehicle-to-vehicle communication systems face interference issues when clusters of vehicles move in different directions, particularly at intersections or when vehicles change lanes, due to the limited number of available channels and the 'hidden node problem', which can lead to network performance collapse.
Innovation Solution
The system employs directional antennas to select channels based on vehicle direction, using a limited number of common channels and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) to assign codes depending on vehicle direction, allowing for efficient communication without interference between vehicles moving in various directions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If clusters of vehicles communicate using shared channels, then communication cost is reduced, but interference occurs when clusters move in different directions
Solution Approach 1:
The communication space is segmented by dividing it into multiple directional areas (e.g., north, east, south, west sectors). Each directional area is assigned a dedicated communication channel, so that clusters moving in different directions use different channels. This spatial segmentation eliminates interference between clusters while maintaining efficient channel reuse within each directional sector.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the number of available channels is increased to avoid interference, then interference between clusters is reduced, but system cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of increasing the number of channels in the frequency dimension, the patent introduces a spatial dimension by dividing the communication area into directional sectors. This allows the same limited set of channels to be reused across different spatial directions simultaneously, eliminating interference without requiring additional channels or increasing system cost.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If directional antennas are used to assign channels based on vehicle direction, then interference is reduced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically selects communication channels based on the real-time moving direction of vehicles. The directional antenna automatically adjusts its radiation pattern and channel selection according to the vehicle's orientation, ensuring that each vehicle uses the channel corresponding to its current directional area. This dynamic adaptation reduces interference while maintaining manageable device complexity through automated direction-based channel assignment.
Data Source
AI summary
In order to provide a communication system as well as a vehicle comprising such a communication system for communication between and among vehicles and a method for communication between and among vehicles moving in any different directions within the same area by means of at least one channel designed for transmitting at least one message, the channel comprising at least one code for communication of the vehicles within at least one cluster in which at least one group of vehicles are clustered, wherein interference is to be eliminated, the vehicle comprises directional antennas oriented in different directions in relation to the moving direction of the vehicle to enable the sending direction of the message to be allocatable to directions in relation to the moving direction of the vehicle and the channel is assigned to direction areas, north, east, south and west.