Vehicle Ethernet Backbone Fail-Safe Routing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current communication protocols in vehicles, such as CAN, FlexRay, and Most, are limited in performing large-capacity and high-speed data transmission, which is insufficient for the increasing number of controllers and demand for multimedia services in next-generation vehicles.
Innovation Solution
An Ethernet backbone network system for vehicles is established, connecting domain gateways through multiple Ethernet communication links, enabling high-speed and large-capacity communication, and a fail-safe method is implemented to quickly switch to alternative communication lines in case of errors, ensuring network reliability by prioritizing communication routes based on available bandwidth, delay, and link state.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If existing communication protocols (CAN, FlexRay, MOST) are used, then device compatibility and ease of operation are maintained, but data transmission capacity and communication speed are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The vehicle network is segmented into multiple domain gateways (chassis gateway, power train gateway, body gateway, multimedia gateway) that can operate with different communication protocols. This segmentation allows Ethernet-based high-speed communication within specific domains while maintaining compatibility with traditional protocols across different domains, thus resolving the contradiction between speed and compatibility.
Solution Approach 2:
Domain gateways serve as intermediary devices that bridge Ethernet-based high-speed networks and traditional protocol networks. These gateways translate and relay communications between different protocol types, enabling high-speed data transmission where needed while maintaining broad protocol compatibility across the entire vehicle network.
2Reliability
If multiple Ethernet communication links are established for fail-safe capability, then communication reliability is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple Ethernet communication links are pre-configured between domain gateways before any failure occurs. The system establishes redundant communication paths in advance, so that when a link failure is detected, the system can immediately switch to an alternative path without requiring complex real-time decision-making, thus improving reliability while managing complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The network topology is designed to be dynamic, allowing automatic reconfiguration when link failures occur. Domain gateways can dynamically switch between different communication links based on real-time link status, enabling the system to adapt to failures without manual intervention while maintaining a manageable baseline complexity.
3Duration of action of stationary object
If redundant communication links are pre-configured for fail-safe operation, then communication continuity is maintained during failures, but network configuration complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Redundant communication links are pre-configured and tested during system initialization, ensuring that alternative paths are ready before failures occur. This preliminary configuration maintains communication continuity during failures while reducing the complexity of real-time response, as the switching logic simply follows pre-determined alternative paths.
Data Source
AI summary
A backbone network system for a vehicle enables high-speed and large-capacity data transmission between integrated control modules mounted in the vehicle, such that communication can be maintained through another alternative communication line when an error occurs in a specific communication line. The backbone network system enables various kinds of integrated control modules mounted in the vehicle to perform large-capacity and high-speed communications, based on Ethernet communication, by connecting domain gateways of the integrated control modules through an Ethernet backbone network, and provides a fast fail-safe function so that domain gateways can perform communications through another communication line when an error occurs in a communication line between the domain gateways.