Vehicle Gateway Frame Validation and Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
In vehicle networks, particularly those using the CAN protocol, there is a challenge in minimizing the adverse effects of determining whether a frame is appropriate, as this process can cause delays, potentially leading to abnormal processes in electronic control units (ECUs) due to the time required for frame determination.
Innovation Solution
A gateway device is introduced with circuitry and memory that receives frames, includes control information in a second frame based on the content of the first frame, and transmits this second frame to the bus, allowing for control instructions such as standby or discard instructions to be added before the determination is completed, thereby minimizing delays and preventing abnormal processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the gateway device performs frame determination to detect fraudulent frames, then security against fraudulent control is improved, but processing time increases causing delays in frame forwarding
Solution Approach 1:
The gateway device performs preliminary frame determination processing immediately upon receiving a frame, before the frame is fully processed by ECUs. By starting the determination process early and continuously monitoring frame periodicity, the gateway can identify fraudulent frames sooner and send discard instructions to prevent ECUs from executing abnormal processes, thus resolving the contradiction between security and processing time delays
Solution Approach 2:
The gateway device establishes a feedback mechanism where it continuously monitors the periodicity of received frames and compares actual reception timing against expected periodicity. When deviations are detected indicating potential fraud, the gateway sends discard instructions back to ECUs or blocks fraudulent frames, creating a closed-loop system that improves security response time without significantly increasing overall processing delays
2Reliability
If the gateway device sends discard instructions to ECUs for suspected fraudulent frames, then abnormal processes in ECUs are prevented, but network communication overhead increases
Solution Approach 1:
The gateway device applies different handling strategies based on the specific characteristics of each received frame. For frames with normal periodicity, the gateway forwards them without additional overhead. For frames with abnormal periodicity indicating potential fraud, the gateway sends discard instructions. This localized, conditional approach ensures high frame determination accuracy while minimizing unnecessary network communication overhead for legitimate frames
Data Source
AI summary
A gateway device for a vehicle network system installed in a vehicle is provided. The vehicle network system includes a network, an electronic control unit connected to the network, and the gateway device connected to the first network and configured to communicate outside the vehicle. The gateway device receives a first frame from outside the vehicle; determines whether or not the first frame is appropriate; generates a second frame when the first frame is not determined to be appropriate; and transmits the second frame to the network. The second frame includes control information and additional information based on content of the first frame. The control information restricts processing of the additional information included in the second frame by the electronic control unit, after the second frame is received by the electronic control unit.