Vehicle Gateway Segmentation for CAN-FD to CAN Protocol Conversion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional vehicle communication systems face increased communication load and latency due to the difference in data size and transfer rate between Controller Area Network (CAN) and CAN with Flexible Data Rate (CAN-FD) protocols, necessitating a technology to efficiently route large amounts of data between controllers using different protocols.
Innovation Solution
A vehicle gateway that includes a processor to divide CAN-FD messages into smaller segments based on preset reference bytes, assign identification numbers, and store them for transmission over a CAN bus, adjusting transmission periods based on communication load and controller requests to manage data transmission efficiently.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If CAN-FD messages are transmitted directly over CAN bus, then communication speed and data size capacity are improved, but communication load and latency increase due to protocol incompatibility
Solution Approach 1:
The gateway divides incoming CAN-FD messages into multiple smaller CAN messages based on preset reference byte sizes. This segmentation allows the high-speed CAN-FD data to be broken down into manageable chunks that can be transmitted over the slower CAN bus without overwhelming it, thereby reducing communication latency while maintaining data integrity
Solution Approach 2:
The gateway acts as an intermediary device between the CAN-FD bus and CAN bus. It receives CAN-FD messages, processes them by dividing and assigning IDs, then transmits them as CAN messages. This intermediary function enables protocol conversion and load management, resolving the incompatibility between the two protocols while maintaining efficient communication
2Quantity of substance
If large amount of data is transmitted from CAN-FD to CAN, then data capacity is improved, but communication load increases at reception side controller
Solution Approach 1:
The gateway segments large CAN-FD messages into multiple smaller CAN messages based on reference byte sizes. This division reduces the burden on reception side controllers by delivering data in manageable portions rather than large blocks, thereby maintaining data capacity while reducing communication load
Solution Approach 2:
The gateway transmits only necessary portions of CAN-FD messages as CAN messages based on bus load conditions and receiver needs. By selectively transmitting partial data when appropriate, the system maintains adequate data capacity while preventing excessive communication load on the CAN bus and receiving controllers
3Reliability
If multiple divided CAN messages are transmitted, then data completeness is improved, but transmission complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The gateway performs preliminary actions by pre-assigning unique identification numbers to each divided CAN message before transmission. This pre-numbering system enables the receiver to reconstruct the original message in the correct sequence, ensuring data completeness while simplifying the transmission process through systematic organization
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses feedback mechanisms where the gateway monitors transmission status and bus load conditions. Based on this feedback, it adjusts transmission parameters and ensures all divided messages are successfully transmitted, maintaining data completeness while managing transmission complexity through adaptive control
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a vehicle gateway including a first transceiver configured to receive a controller area network with flexible data rate (CAN-FD) message from a CAN-FD bus and store the received CAN-FD message, a second transceiver configured to store a controller area network (CAN) message and transmit or receive the CAN message to or from a CAN bus, and a processor configured to divide the CAN-FD message into a plurality of divided CAN-FD messages based on preset reference bytes, assign identification numbers (IDs) to the plurality of divided CAN-FD messages, and store a plurality of the CAN messages assigned with the IDs in the second transceiver.