Vehicle HD Map Fusion Using Millimeter-Wave Relay Updates
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current map resolution for autonomous driving is insufficient, requiring higher definition and real-time maps to enable safe and reliable navigation, which existing V2V and V2X communication technologies struggle to provide due to limited data rate and latency issues.
Innovation Solution
A system comprising a car inside unit (CIU) and road side unit (RSU) that combines sensor data with received high-definition maps to generate and transmit a fused map, enabling vehicles to autonomously navigate by covering wider areas with low latency and high data throughput, using millimeter-wave communication for real-time data exchange.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If current map resolution is used for autonomous driving, then the system complexity is low, but the navigation accuracy and safety are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the high-definition map into multiple frames that can be transmitted separately through V2V communication. Each frame contains a portion of the map data, allowing the map to be delivered in manageable chunks that reduce communication overhead while maintaining high resolution
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates and transmits copies of the high-definition map data from one vehicle to another. The map is generated by one vehicle's sensors and then copied to surrounding vehicles, enabling them to access high-resolution map data without each vehicle needing to collect it independently
2Area of stationary object
If V2V communication is used to transmit HD map data, then the map coverage can be shared among vehicles, but the limited data rate prevents sufficient data exchange
Solution Approach 1:
The system extracts only the essential and updated portions of the map data for transmission rather than sending the entire map. By identifying and transmitting only the changed or relevant map sections, the data rate requirement is reduced while still providing comprehensive coverage information to receiving vehicles
Solution Approach 2:
The system transmits map data at a rate that provides sufficient coverage information without requiring complete real-time updates of every map section. Partial updates and selective transmission of critical map areas enable adequate coverage with reduced bandwidth requirements
3Reliability
If V2X communication through traffic-safety server is used, then infrastructure support is provided, but the latency exceeds 10 ms requirement
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses surrounding vehicles as intermediary nodes for map data transmission instead of routing all data through the centralized traffic-safety server. Vehicles directly share map data with each other through V2V communication, eliminating the need for data to travel to and from the server and reducing latency
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary map data collection and processing locally in each vehicle, preparing map frames in advance before transmission is needed. This pre-processing reduces the time required for data preparation and enables faster delivery when other vehicles request map information
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution allows for safe and reliable autonomous driving by providing vehicles with comprehensive, real-time HD maps, enhancing navigation accuracy and reducing latency, thereby improving road safety and autonomous driving capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
A HD sensor unit, e.g., LiDAR, to collect information for HD map
Implementation Method 2
a millimeter wave Rx (receiver) unit to receive HD maps in real-time
Implementation Method 3
a millimeter wave Tx (transmitter) unit to relay the HD map calculated in a CIU-relay in real-time
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~3
Figure 4a
AI summary
An apparatus comprising a processor unit configured to provide a first high-definition map, a sensor unit configured for providing sensor data representing an environmental condition in a periphery of the apparatus and a receiver unit configured to receive data representing a second high-definition map. The processor unit is configured to fuse the second high-definition map and the sensor data so as to provide the first high-definition map. The apparatus further comprises a transmitter unit configured for transmitting a result of fusing the second high-definition map and the sensor data, and comprises a command generator unit configured to generate a command signal representing a vehicle control command for a vehicle carrying the apparatus based on the first high-definition map.