Vehicle HIRF EMP Analysis via Parallel Plate Waveguide S-Parameter Modeling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for analyzing and testing the high-intensity radiated field (HIRF) and electromagnetic pulse (EMP) characteristics of vehicles, such as aircraft, are expensive and time-consuming due to the complexity of outdoor field testing and computationally intensive computer modeling.
Innovation Solution
A method involving a parallel plate waveguide model with waveguide and lumped ports is used to simulate electromagnetic characteristics, where an electromagnetic field solver determines a scaling factor and produces a scattering parameter (S-parameter) model, enabling a time-domain circuit simulation to model the vehicle's electromagnetic properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If outdoor field testing with radiating sensors is used to determine HIRF and EMP characteristics, then measurement accuracy is improved, but testing cost and time consumption increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a virtual copy of the outdoor field testing environment through computer modeling. Instead of physically placing the vehicle in an outdoor range with radiating sensors, the invention uses electromagnetic field solvers to simulate the same measurement conditions virtually, achieving comparable measurement accuracy while eliminating the time-consuming aspects of physical field testing.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/physical outdoor field testing system with an electromagnetic field-based computer simulation system. The physical radiating sensors and vehicle placement are substituted with virtual electromagnetic field solvers that compute the same HIRF and EMP characteristics through numerical methods, thereby reducing time consumption while maintaining measurement precision.
2Loss of time
If computer modeling approach is used to replace outdoor field testing, then testing time is reduced, but computational complexity and data storage requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the computational model into distinct components: the vehicle model with its electrical systems, the electromagnetic environment, and the HIRF/EMP sources. This segmentation allows each component to be modeled independently and then integrated, reducing overall computational complexity while maintaining the time efficiency benefits of computer modeling.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes to simplify the computational model. By adjusting modeling parameters and making reasonable approximations about electrical system behaviors, the patent reduces computational complexity while still capturing the essential HIRF and EMP characteristics, thereby maintaining time efficiency without excessive computational burden.
3Measurement precision
If detailed electrical systems modeling is performed for HIRF and EMP analysis, then analysis accuracy is improved, but computational resources and storage capacity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential electrical systems and components that are most susceptible to HIRF and EMP effects, rather than modeling every electrical component in detail. This selective extraction maintains analysis accuracy for the critical systems while significantly reducing the overall data storage requirements and computational resources needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial action by focusing computational resources on modeling only the portions of the electrical system that are most relevant to HIRF and EMP analysis. Rather than exhaustively modeling every component, the patent concentrates detail where it matters most for accuracy while using simplified models elsewhere, thereby reducing total data storage requirements while maintaining necessary analysis precision.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces computational time and storage requirements, allowing for efficient modeling of HIRF/EMP characteristics without the need for extensive outdoor testing, capturing 3D electromagnetic interactions in compact S-parameter data for reuse in circuit simulations.
Implementation Method 1
A method for high-intensity radiated field (HIRF) and electromagnetic pulse (EMP) analysis of a vehicle involves generating a parallel plate waveguide model
Implementation Method 2
An electromagnetic field solver is executed on a first waveguide port, a second waveguide port, and a plurality of lumped ports
Data Source
AI summary
A method for modeling electromagnetic characteristics of a vehicle having electrical components comprising generating a parallel plate waveguide model and inserting a vehicle model for the vehicle within the parallel plate waveguide model. The vehicle model has a plurality of lumped ports corresponding to on-board electrical components. The method executes an electromagnetic field solver on a first and second waveguide ports and the lumped ports and determines a scaling factor between a first power level configured to excite the first and/or second waveguide ports and a second power level configured to excite the lumped ports. The electromagnetic field solver runs on the first and second waveguide and lumped ports, producing a first output data and the method produces a scattering parameter (S-parameter) model for the vehicle from the first output data that includes a plurality of S-parameter ports.