Motor Vehicle Identification System Dual Authorization Distance Verification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing motor vehicle identification systems face challenges in securely and reliably operating functional units due to malicious range extension, limited availability, and interference from human bodies, particularly with high-frequency waves, and inadequate distance measurement methods.
Innovation Solution
A method that requires two authorizations for operating a motor vehicle's functional unit, using a combination of signal duration and receiving level measurements from multiple receiving devices to determine the distance and movement of the identification element, ensuring secure and reliable operation by verifying the identification element's proximity and movement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If high-frequency waves (gigahertz range) are used for distance measurement, then measurement precision is improved, but penetration capability deteriorates (human body blocks the waves)
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the distance measurement task across multiple receiving devices (at least two antennas) positioned at different locations on the vehicle. Each receiving device independently measures signal duration and receiving level, and the system combines these segmented measurements to determine distance, ensuring that at least one measurement path remains unobstructured by the human body.
2Measurement precision
If signal duration measurement is used for distance determination, then measurement capability is improved, but reliability deteriorates (single antenna blocked by body)
Solution Approach 1:
The system assigns different local measurement qualities to different receiving devices based on their spatial positions. Each antenna performs signal duration and receiving level measurements specific to its location, and the system selects or combines measurements from antennas with unobstructed paths, ensuring reliable distance determination even when some paths are blocked.
3Reliability
If multiple receiving devices are used for distance measurement, then availability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The receiving devices perform multiple functions: they receive identification signals, measure signal duration for distance determination, measure receiving levels for verification, and support both authorization checks. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated components, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity while maintaining high availability.
4Reliability
If two authorizations are required for operating functional unit, then security is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary distance verification and movement detection checks automatically before granting access. The signal duration measurement and receiving level comparison are executed in advance to verify the identification element's proximity and movement, so that when the user presents the identification element, the security verification is already complete, maintaining ease of operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances security and availability by preventing malicious access and ensuring reliable operation of motor vehicle functions, such as unlocking, by accurately detecting the identification element's movement and proximity using multiple measurements, thus reducing the impact of physical effects like reflections and shadowing.
Implementation Method 1
a first signal duration of an identification signal for determining a first distance of an identification element is determined by means of an identification device
Implementation Method 2
a first receiving level of an identification signal for determining a first distance of an identification element is determined by means of an identification device
Data Source
AI summary
A method for operating functional unit of a motor vehicle using an identification system, in which at least a first authorization is requested for operating the functional unit and an identification signal is transmitted to an identification device by an identification element of the identification system. The functional unit is operated after receiving and the functional unit is only operated in a second authorization. The second authorization is generated by the identification device. Using the identification device, a first signal duration of the identification signal is determined for determining a first spacing of the identification element at a first point in time, and a second signal duration of the identification signal is determined for determining a second spacing of the identification element at a second point in time, and the second authorization is generated depending on a comparison.