Vehicle Lighting Device Refractive Diffuser Design

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional vehicle lighting devices face limitations in design flexibility, installation space, and manufacturing complexity, particularly when achieving complex lighting signatures with specific intensity distributions and viewing angle-dependent effects, while also requiring reduced manufacturing costs for mass production.

Innovation Solution

A vehicle lighting device utilizing a refractive diffuser with a statistical, continuous surface profile calculated using wave optics, which generates desired light signatures through refraction, offering design freedom and avoiding undesirable diffraction effects, and can be combined with a mirror for enhanced light control.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If conventional mirrors, prisms, and macroscopic scattering structures are used to achieve desired lighting effects, then lighting device functionality is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelighting effect customizationVSAvoidoptical system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces conventional mechanical optical elements (mirrors, prisms, macroscopic scattering structures) with a micro-structured diffuser layer having sub-wavelength periodic structures. This substitution simplifies the overall device architecture while maintaining the ability to achieve desired lighting effects through carefully designed micro-structures that control light propagation without requiring complex mechanical components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the scale parameter of optical structures from macroscopic (conventional mirrors and prisms) to microscopic (sub-wavelength periodic structures). This parameter change enables new optical effects while reducing device complexity, as the micro-structures can be integrated into a single layer rather than requiring multiple separate optical components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If multiple light sources are used to generate complex lighting signatures, then lighting signature complexity is improved, but manufacturing cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelighting signature complexityVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the optical functionality into two parts: a simple light source and a micro-structured diffuser layer. The diffuser layer is divided into multiple zones with different periodic structures, each zone controlling light in specific directions. This segmentation allows complex lighting signatures to be achieved through a single light source combined with a zoned diffuser structure, reducing manufacturing cost compared to using multiple light sources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a micro-structured diffuser layer as an intermediary between the light source and the external environment. This intermediary layer performs the complex light manipulation function that would otherwise require multiple light sources, by using sub-wavelength periodic structures to control light propagation, reflection, and emission in specific directions to create desired lighting signatures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Manufacturing precision

If conventional diffraction gratings are used to control light direction, then light control precision is improved, but unwanted diffraction effects increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelight direction controlVSAvoidundesirable diffraction effects
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies different periodic structures to different zones of the diffuser layer, with each zone having locally optimized structures tailored to its specific function. This local quality approach allows precise control of light direction in each zone while minimizing unwanted diffraction effects by designing structures that direct light only in desired directions based on local optical requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the potential harmful effect of diffraction into a beneficial control mechanism by using sub-wavelength periodic structures that exploit diffraction physics to achieve precise light direction control. The periodic structures are designed so that diffraction occurs only in desired directions, transforming what could be unwanted side effects into the primary mechanism for achieving the desired lighting effects.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides significant design flexibility, reduces the need for multiple light sources, and allows for cost-effective production of lighting devices with complex light signatures that change with viewing direction, enhancing both aesthetic and functional aspects of vehicle lighting.

Implementation Method 1

light from the light source passes through the refractive diffuser to generate a luminous signature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Implementation Method 2

The refractive diffuser has a wave-optically calculated statistical continuous surface profile

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectScattering: Scattering

Data Source

PatentEP3516290B1Lighting device for a vehicle
Publication Date: 2024.03.20 CARL ZEISS JENA GMBH
  • EP3516290B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2B
  • EP3516290B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4B
  • EP3516290B1 patent drawingFigure 5A~5D

AI summary

The invention relates to lighting devices for vehicles, for example headlights or tail lights. Basically any lighting characteristic for the lighting device which provides a large degree of freedom in terms of design is provided by means of a refractive diffuser (50).