Multi-Range Vehicle Antenna with Cone and Monopole Radiators
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing multi-range antennas for motor vehicles fail to maintain direction-independent omnidirectional characteristics across multiple frequency bands, including GSM, UMTS, LTE, WiMAX, and future services like car-to-car communication, due to shadowing issues from individual radiator elements and mechanical constraints.
Innovation Solution
A multi-range antenna design featuring a cone radiator with a monopole radiator connected to its side surface, allowing active coupling to achieve broadband behavior, especially for lower frequencies, and incorporating a second monopole radiator with roof capacitance to ensure impedance matching across various frequency ranges, while maintaining a compact height and omnidirectional radiation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple separate radiator elements are used to cover different frequency bands, then frequency coverage is improved, but shadowing effects occur in certain directions and omnidirectional characteristics are degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple radiator elements (cone radiator and monopole radiators) into a single integrated antenna structure. The cone radiator and monopole radiators are electrically coupled and positioned to work together as one unified radiating system, eliminating the shadowing problems that occur when separate elements are used independently while maintaining broad frequency coverage from GSM to future services.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from planar radiator arrangements to a three-dimensional stacked configuration. The monopole radiators are positioned vertically above the cone radiator base, creating a multi-layered structure that radiates energy in multiple spatial dimensions. This vertical stacking allows omnidirectional horizontal radiation patterns while the different heights and positions of elements cover different frequency bands without mutual shadowing.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the antenna structure is extended to cover lower frequency bands, then frequency coverage is improved, but the overall height of the antenna increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a nested configuration where the monopole radiators are positioned within the vertical space above the cone radiator. The monopole elements are electrically coupled to the cone radiator and are contained within the overall antenna footprint, creating a compact nested structure that achieves extended frequency coverage without proportional increases in height.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses electric coupling between the cone radiator and monopole radiators to create dynamic impedance matching across frequency bands. The monopole radiators are electrically connected to the cone radiator through coupling mechanisms that allow the structure to adapt its electrical characteristics across different frequencies, enabling broad bandwidth coverage with a compact physical structure.
3Adaptability or versatility
If conventional multi-range antenna designs are used, then basic frequency coverage is achieved, but impedance matching across all frequency bands is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs parameter optimization of the cone radiator geometry (angle, height, base diameter) and monopole radiator dimensions to achieve impedance matching across all frequency bands. By carefully adjusting these geometric parameters and the electrical coupling between elements, the antenna maintains consistent impedance characteristics from GSM through future services, ensuring reliable performance across the entire frequency range.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design achieves a broad bandwidth of over 5 GHz with optimal omnidirectional characteristics, reducing the overall height and avoiding shadowing, thus effectively covering frequencies from 780 MHz to 5.925 GHz with improved impedance matching and reduced mechanical complexity.
Implementation Method 1
a multi-range antenna (1), in particular for use in a motor vehicle, which has a direction-independent omnidirectional characteristic in several frequency ranges
Implementation Method 2
From the publication EP 1 189 305 A2 a cone antenna is known which is embedded in a dielectric material
Data Source
Figure 1
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AI summary
The invention relates to a multi-range antenna (1), in particular for use in a motor vehicle, comprising: - a cone radiator (3) with an axis of symmetry (R) in order to mount the cone radiator (3) with its tapered end perpendicularly onto a ground plane (2); - a first monopole radiator (12) which connects to the cone radiator (3) in the direction of the axis of symmetry (R), wherein the first monopole radiator (12) is electrically connected to a side surface (9) of the cone radiator (3).