Vehicle Collision Avoidance in Parking Lots
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing vehicle collision avoidance systems, such as Forward Collision-Avoidance Assist, are limited in preventing collisions in parking lots due to space restrictions and the difficulty in detecting vehicles exiting or re-entering parking spaces.
Innovation Solution
A vehicle equipped with a sensing device, including LiDAR and cameras, that detects the width between parked vehicles and a target vehicle, calculates average distances, and generates warning signals or brake signals based on predetermined thresholds to prevent collisions by determining if a target vehicle is exiting or re-entering a parking space.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a Forward Collision-Avoidance Assist system is used to prevent collisions, then collision prevention capability is improved, but the system becomes ineffective in parking lots with space restrictions where vehicles are stationary
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between different detection modes: FCA mode for moving objects on roads and parking lot mode for stationary vehicles in parking spaces. The controller adapts the detection algorithm based on the operating environment, enabling effective collision prevention in both moving and stationary scenarios
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes detection parameters based on environment: using movement-based detection for road FCA and position-based detection for parking lots. The detection threshold and evaluation criteria are adjusted according to whether vehicles are moving or stationary, allowing the system to function reliably across different scenarios
2Area of stationary object
If the sensing device detects all vehicles in the external field of view, then detection coverage is improved, but the system cannot distinguish between parked vehicles and vehicles exiting parking spaces
Solution Approach 1:
The detection field is segmented into multiple zones: parking spaces, adjacent areas, and external field of view. Each zone has different detection criteria - parked vehicles in parking spaces are detected based on position stability, while vehicles in adjacent areas are detected based on movement patterns, enabling precise discrimination of vehicle states across different spatial regions
Solution Approach 2:
The system introduces an intermediate detection zone between parked vehicles and the external field of view. Vehicles in this intermediate zone are monitored with higher sensitivity to detect exit intentions, serving as a buffer that improves the transition detection accuracy between stationary and moving states
3Speed
If the system uses a predetermined distance threshold to generate warnings, then response speed is improved, but false warnings may occur due to space restrictions in parking lots
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary detection and classification of vehicles before applying distance threshold evaluation. By pre-identifying vehicles that are parked versus those preparing to exit, the system can apply appropriate warning thresholds, reducing false warnings while maintaining fast response for genuine collision risks
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses feedback from continuous detection of vehicle positions and distances to dynamically adjust warning thresholds. When multiple vehicles are detected in close proximity (typical in parking lots), the system adapts the distance threshold to account for space constraints, preventing false warnings while maintaining collision avoidance capability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances collision avoidance in parking lots by accurately detecting the risk of collisions and providing timely warnings or braking actions, thereby reducing the likelihood of accidents in constrained spaces.
Implementation Method 1
The sensing device may include a Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) installed in the vehicle to have a front field of view of the vehicle. The controller may be configured to control the LiDAR so that a LiDAR beam having a predetermined irradiation angle θ based on a driving direction of the vehicle is transmitted between a first parked vehicle and a second parked vehicle, to detect an increase amount R of the LiDAR beam, and to obtain the first distance based on the increase amount R.
Data Source
AI summary
A vehicle includes a sensing device disposed at the vehicle so as to have an external field of view of the vehicle, configured to detect a target vehicle moving from the external field of view to a parking space and a plurality of stationary parked vehicles; a controller configured to obtain a first distance that is a width between the plurality of parked vehicles and a second distance that is a width between one parked vehicle of the plurality of parked vehicles and the target vehicle adjacent to the one parked vehicle; and a warner configured to output a warning signal based on a control command of the controller.