Vehicle Power Supply Crossover for Short-Circuit Fail-Safe Backup
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power supply systems in vehicles lack high fail-safe characteristics, particularly when one of the power supply units is short-circuited, leading to potential failures in critical in-vehicle systems.
Innovation Solution
A power supply system with a crossover line and relay unit that switches between power supply units, ensuring that critical in-vehicle units with higher priority receive power from a secondary unit, and includes an auxiliary power supply to extend operation during failures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If one power supply unit is short-circuited and the other supplies power to both load groups, then power supply continuity is maintained, but fail-safe characteristics deteriorate due to potential propagation of failures
Solution Approach 1:
The power supply system is segmented into two independent power supply units (first and second power supply units) each dedicated to specific load groups. The first power supply unit supplies power to the first load group, while the second power supply unit supplies power to the second load group. This segmentation ensures that a short-circuit in one power supply unit does not affect the other, maintaining fail-safe characteristics while avoiding excessive complexity through clear functional separation.
Solution Approach 2:
A crossover line acts as an intermediary element connecting the first and second power supply units. This crossover line enables the first power supply unit to supply power to the second load group and the second power supply unit to supply power to the first load group when needed, providing fail-safe operation without requiring a completely complex reconfiguration system. The intermediary crossover line simplifies the overall system architecture while maintaining high reliability.
2Reliability
If a crossover line is added to enable switching between power supply units, then fail-safe characteristics improve, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The crossover line serves multiple functions: it enables power transfer from the first power supply unit to the second load group, allows power transfer from the second power supply unit to the first load group, and provides a backup path when either power supply unit fails. This multi-functionality achieves high fail-safe characteristics without requiring separate dedicated circuits for each backup scenario, thereby avoiding excessive system complexity.
3Duration of action of moving object
If an auxiliary power supply unit is added to extend operation during failures, then operational duration improves, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The auxiliary power supply unit changes the operational parameters of the system by providing extended power supply capability during failure conditions. When a primary power supply unit fails, the auxiliary power supply unit activates to maintain power supply to critical loads for an extended period, enabling safe shutdown or transition to backup modes. This parameter change in operational duration is achieved with minimal additional complexity by integrating the auxiliary unit into the existing power supply architecture.
Data Source
AI summary
A power supply system includes: a first in-vehicle unit and a second in-vehicle unit; a first supply line normally supplying electric power from the first power supply unit to the first in-vehicle unit; a second supply line normally supplying electric power from the second power supply unit to the second in-vehicle unit; a crossover line relaying electric from the first supply line to the second supply line to be able to supply electric power under abnormal conditions; a power supply rectifier provided on a second power supply unit side of the relay supply line on the second supply line and configured to pass power to the second in-vehicle unit; a crossover rectifier provided on the crossover line and configured to pass power from the first supply line side to the second supply line; and a relay unit.