Vehicle Power Supply Circuit for Reverse Voltage Cutoff
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
The transition from 12V to 48V DC power systems in vehicles poses challenges, including potential damage from reverse voltage and overcurrent due to wire shorts, which can damage electronic components and increase power consumption.
Innovation Solution
A power supply device with a first and second power converter to frequency-convert voltages, a controller, and a reverse voltage preventer with switches to cut off overcurrent, optimizing voltage levels and reducing power consumption without dedicated ICs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a reverse voltage preventing circuit is configured, then electronic components are protected from reverse voltage damage, but the supplied voltage increases causing leakage current and increased power consumption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and isolates the reverse voltage prevention function into a dedicated circuit module that operates independently. The reverse voltage preventer is separated from the main power supply circuit, allowing it to activate only when reverse voltage is detected, thereby preventing continuous power consumption while maintaining protection capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The reverse voltage preventer is configured to detect and respond to reverse voltage conditions before they can cause damage to electronic components. The circuit monitors the voltage polarity and preemptively activates the protection mechanism, preventing harmful effects before they occur while minimizing unnecessary power consumption during normal operation.
2Reliability
If a voltage limiting circuit is configured to meet maximum allowable voltage, then electronic components are protected from overvoltage damage, but device size increases and space utilization deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The power converter circuit is designed to perform multiple functions: normal voltage conversion, reverse voltage detection, and overvoltage protection. By integrating these functions into a single multi-functional circuit, the patent eliminates the need for separate protection circuits, thereby reducing overall device size while maintaining comprehensive protection capabilities.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines the voltage limiting function with the power conversion circuitry. The reverse voltage preventer and voltage limiting mechanisms are merged into the existing power supply architecture, sharing common components such as switching elements and control logic, which reduces the total device footprint while ensuring protection against both reverse and excessive voltages.
3Power
If conventional 12V DC-operated vehicle electronic components are replaced with 48V electronic components, then energy capacity and power efficiency are increased, but the risk of circuit damage from reverse voltage increases
Solution Approach 1:
The reverse voltage preventer acts as an intermediary protective layer between the 48V power source and the electronic components. This intermediary circuit monitors voltage polarity and activates protection mechanisms when reverse voltage is detected, shielding the high-value 48V components from damage while allowing the system to maintain its high power efficiency benefits.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements beforehand cushioning by configuring the reverse voltage preventer to be ready and waiting in the circuit before any reverse voltage incident occurs. The protection mechanism is pre-positioned and can immediately respond to reverse voltage conditions, cushioning the 48V electronic components against potential damage while allowing normal high-efficiency operation during standard conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Prevents damage to electronic components by cutting off reverse overcurrent and minimizes power consumption through optimized voltage management.
Implementation Method 1
a first power converter configured to frequency-convert a first voltage, output from a power source, to a second voltage lower than the first voltage, a second power converter configured to frequency-convert the second voltage, output from the first power converter, to a third voltage lower than the second voltage
Data Source
AI summary
A power supply device, a method for controlling the same, and a vehicle power control system may prevent damage to electronic components as a reverse voltage preventer cuts off overcurrent flowing in a reverse direction when a reverse voltage is generated as a wire connecting a sensor is shorted.