Vehicular Inductive Power Transfer Alignment Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current inductive power transfer systems for electric vehicles face inefficiencies due to suboptimal alignment and distance between the power transmission and receiving coils, leading to reduced power transfer efficiency and increased electromagnetic leakage, which limits the range and adoption of electric vehicles.

Innovation Solution

The system adjusts the position of either the inductive power transmission or receiving unit in three-dimensional space using sensors and an actuation sub-system to optimize the alignment and distance between the coils, thereby enhancing power transfer efficiency while minimizing electromagnetic exposure.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If the current supplied to the power transmission unit is increased to boost power received by the power receiving unit, then the power received is improved, but the power transfer efficiency deteriorates due to additional wasted power

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower receivedVSAvoidpower transfer efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent adjusts the electrical parameters (voltage, current, frequency) of the power transmission unit dynamically to optimize the power transfer. By changing these parameters rather than simply increasing current, the system achieves improved power received while maintaining efficient transfer through resonant frequency matching and impedance optimization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The system employs dynamic adjustment of the power transmission parameters in real-time based on the coupling conditions between coils. The patent uses control circuits that continuously monitor and adjust the transmission parameters to maintain optimal power transfer efficiency across varying distances and alignments, rather than using fixed high-current operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Reliability

If high-Q materials are used to increase the coupling between power receiving unit and power transmission unit, then the coupling is improved, but the cost increases making it economically infeasible

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecouplingVSAvoidcost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs standard, commercially available coil materials and construction methods rather than expensive high-Q materials. The system achieves effective coupling through optimized geometry and resonance techniques using conventional materials, making the solution economically viable for widespread implementation while maintaining sufficient coupling reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of relying on expensive high-Q materials, the patent achieves improved coupling by adjusting operational parameters such as frequency, voltage, and coil geometry. The system optimizes the resonant frequency and electrical parameters to maximize coupling efficiency using standard materials, thereby avoiding the high costs associated with specialized high-Q materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If the distance between power transmission unit and power receiving unit is increased to allow vehicle movement, then the adaptability is improved, but the power transfer efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevehicle movement capabilityVSAvoidpower transfer efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic power transmission system that continuously adjusts its parameters in response to changing distances and alignments between the transmission and receiving units. As the vehicle moves and the distance varies, the system dynamically modifies voltage, current, and frequency to maintain optimal power transfer efficiency across a range of distances, enabling both vehicle movement and efficient charging.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The power transmission system is designed to function effectively across multiple operating conditions and distances. The patent creates a universal charging system that can maintain efficient power transfer whether the vehicle is stationary or moving, at varying speeds and positions, by incorporating adaptive control that adjusts to different coupling conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

4Loss of energy

If the alignment between power transmission unit and power receiving unit is optimized to improve power transfer efficiency, then the power transfer efficiency is improved, but the device complexity increases due to positioning mechanisms

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower transfer efficiencyVSAvoidpositioning mechanism
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent incorporates feedback mechanisms that monitor the power transfer efficiency and provide information to the control system. This feedback enables the system to automatically adjust operational parameters to compensate for misalignment, achieving optimal efficiency without requiring complex mechanical positioning mechanisms. The feedback loop detects efficiency losses and adjusts voltage, current, or frequency to maintain performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

Rather than using complex mechanical positioning to optimize alignment, the patent achieves improved power transfer efficiency by adjusting electrical parameters such as frequency, voltage, and current. The system compensates for misalignment through parameter optimization, maintaining efficient power transfer without the need for sophisticated positioning mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach significantly improves power transfer efficiency and reduces electromagnetic leakage, extending the range of electric vehicles and enhancing safety by optimizing the alignment and distance between the coils.

Implementation Method 1

inductive power transfer between an inductive power transmission coil and a vehicle mounted inductive power receiving coil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentUS10688874B2Vehicular inductive power transfer systems and methods
Publication Date: 2020.06.23 INTEL CORP
  • US10688874B2 patent drawing
  • US10688874B2 patent drawing
  • US10688874B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A vehicular inductive power transfer system includes a power transmission unit and a power receiving unit. The distance between the units and the overall alignment of the units with respect to each other determines the overall efficiency of the energy transfer between the power transmission unit and the power receiving unit. Magnetic fields produced by the inductive power transfer system may exceed allowable standards or regulations for human exposure to electromagnetic fields. An inductive power transfer control circuit autonomously causes an actuator to position at least one of the power transmission unit or the power receiving unit in a three-dimensional space based on one or more measured power transfer parameters. Such positioning may occur while the vehicle is moving or stationary. The control circuit may further autonomously adjust one or more power transfer parameters to maintain magnetic field exposure levels at or below industry standards or governmental regulations.