Vehicular Network Message Broadcasting Latency Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current multi-channel vehicular communication networks, such as those adhering to the WAVE standard, face significant latency issues in broadcasting high priority messages, with latencies exceeding 54 milliseconds, which is unacceptable for safety-critical messages like crash-pending notifications, as vehicles move rapidly and accidents can occur within this timeframe.
Innovation Solution
The solution involves broadcasting high priority messages on the control channel during service channel intervals, allowing source nodes to specify channels for initial broadcast and enabling relay nodes to randomly select additional channels for rebroadcast, thereby reducing latency and increasing message coverage by optimizing channel usage and relay node selection based on factors like channel load and transmission power limits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of time
If messages are broadcasted on the control channel during service channel intervals, then latency is reduced to within 10 milliseconds, but channel coordination complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by having source nodes broadcast messages on the control channel during service channel intervals before the next control channel interval begins. This advance broadcasting ensures that high priority messages are disseminated within 10 milliseconds, meeting the latency requirement while preparing relay nodes in advance to forward the messages through their local networks.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the broadcasting process into two phases: initial broadcast on the control channel during service channel intervals, and subsequent relay broadcasting through local networks. This segmentation allows the control channel to handle time-critical messages while service channels handle regular traffic, reducing overall system complexity despite the added coordination requirements.
2Reliability
If all transceivers monitor the control channel continuously, then high priority messages are reliably received, but channel load and transmission power consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic action by having transceivers monitor the control channel during specific intervals (service channel intervals) rather than continuously. This periodic monitoring maintains reliable message reception for high priority broadcasts while significantly reducing overall transmission power consumption and channel load compared to continuous monitoring.
3Area of stationary object
If relay nodes rebroadcast messages on multiple randomly selected channels, then message coverage is increased, but collision probability and transmission interference increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by having relay nodes select channels for rebroadcasting based on their local network conditions and neighboring traffic patterns. Instead of uniformly random channel selection, relay nodes consider local factors such as channel load and nearby vehicle density to optimize message coverage while minimizing collision probability in their specific operational environment.
Data Source
AI summary
Message are broadcast in a vehicular environment using a network of nodes, wherein each node includes a transceiver and a processor arranged in a vehicle, and a bandwidth of the network is partitioned into a control channel (CCH) and multiple service channel (SCH). Time is partitioned into alternating control channel intervals (CCHI) and service channel intervals (SCHI). A source node detects an event and broadcasts a message related to the event. The message specifies current channels and next channels used by the source node to broadcast the message. The message is received in a set of relay nodes. Then, each relay node that receives the message rebroadcasts the message during the SCHI on the CCH or any other channels not specified in the message.