Vein Authentication Sorting by Fourier Feature Similarity
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing biometrics authentication systems using vein characteristics face low accuracy in determining the order of comparison, limiting the number of registered living body information that can be increased due to low accuracy in vein characteristic amounts.
Innovation Solution
The method involves extracting and registering five vein characteristic amounts, including frequency, angle, curvature direction, segment direction, and vein amount, from vein images using Fourier transforms and division patterns, to improve the accuracy of comparison ordering and reduce unnecessary comparisons.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the number of registered living body information is increased, then the authentication system can handle more users, but the comparison time increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the comparison process into two stages: first comparing small-data量的 vein characteristic amounts to generate rough similarity scores and determine comparison order, then performing detailed comparison only on narrowed-down candidates. This segmentation reduces the overall comparison time while maintaining authentication accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary comparison using vein characteristic amounts before the final detailed comparison. This preliminary action filters out obviously mismatched records, reducing the number of full comparisons needed and thereby decreasing total comparison time.
2Quantity of substance
If the number of registered living body information is increased, then more users can be authenticated, but the system requires more hardware resources
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and stores only the essential vein characteristic amounts (frequency, angle, curvature, segment direction, and amount components) from complete vein images for registration. This extraction reduces the data storage requirement per user, allowing more users to be registered without proportionally increasing hardware resources.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs partial comparison using only vein characteristic amounts rather than complete vein images during the initial filtering stage. This partial action reduces computational load and data transfer requirements, enabling the system to handle more users with the same hardware resources.
3Ease of operation
If three vein characteristic amounts are used for comparison ordering, then the process is simple, but the accuracy of determining comparison order is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines five different vein characteristic amount components (frequency, angle, curvature direction, segment direction, and amount) into a comprehensive comparison metric. This merging provides a more accurate and multi-dimensional assessment of vein pattern similarity, improving the accuracy of comparison order determination.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces multiple dimensions of vein characteristic analysis beyond the traditional three components. By adding frequency domain analysis (Fourier transform) and detailed geometric features (curvature and segment directions), the system achieves more accurate comparison ordering while maintaining operational feasibility.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the accuracy of characteristic amounts, allowing for a faster comparison process and increasing the maximum number of registered living body information, thereby improving the efficiency of biometric authentication systems.
Implementation Method 1
hemoglobin in each red blood cell which runs through an artery is combined with oxygen and is oxyhemoglobin. In a vein this oxyhemoglobin changes to deoxyhemoglobin which is not combined with oxygen. It is a characteristic of the deoxyhemoglobin that the deoxyhemoglobin absorbs near-infrared rays with a wavelength close to 760 nm.
Data Source
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AI summary
In a biometrics authentication apparatus an increase in the speed of a comparison process and an increase in the maximum number of pieces of living body information which can be registered are realized. A vein authentication apparatus registers vein data and vein characteristic amounts, determines comparison order at vein data identification time by sorting records in descending order of degree of similarity on the basis of vein characteristic amounts for comparison and the registered vein characteristic amounts, and makes vein data comparison in accordance with the comparison order. The vein authentication apparatus uses 32 frequencies obtained by performing a Fourier transform (first vein characteristic amount), 12 angles obtained by performing a Fourier transform (second vein characteristic amount), curvature directions in 36 angle areas (third vein characteristic amount), segment directions in 18 angle areas (fourth vein characteristic amount), and a vein amount (fifth vein characteristic amount) as the vein characteristic amounts. By doing so, the accuracy of comparison order is improved and a comparison using a record for which a degree of similarity is low can be omitted. As a result, the speed of a comparison process and the maximum number of pieces of living body information which can be registered can be increased.