Respiratory Ventilation System Active Exhalation Valve
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing high-frequency oscillation ventilation devices face challenges such as large system volume, high gas consumption, and noise, particularly due to the use of traditional valves and venturi negative pressure systems.
Innovation Solution
A respiratory ventilation system that incorporates an active expiratory device, including a high-frequency valve and/or an electric gas extraction device, to actively extract exhaled gas during the expiratory phase, thereby supporting high-frequency ventilation while reducing system volume, gas consumption, and noise.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If traditional ventilation method is used, then device structure is simple, but airway pressure is high causing pulmonary injury
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies high-frequency oscillation ventilation with respiratory rates of 3-50Hz, using periodic oscillating pressure profiles that alternate between positive and negative pressures. This periodic action allows the system to achieve effective ventilation while reducing peak airway pressure compared to traditional methods, as the oscillations distribute the pressure delivery over many cycles rather than single large breaths.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the ventilation parameters by operating at high frequencies (3-50Hz) with small tidal volumes approaching physiological dead space, rather than using traditional low-frequency ventilation. This parameter change enables the system to provide effective respiratory support while maintaining lower peak pressures that reduce pulmonary injury risk.
2Ease of operation
If high-frequency oscillation ventilation is implemented using diaphragm oscillation method, then active inhalation and exhalation are achieved, but device volume becomes large
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical diaphragm oscillation system with a valve-based control system. Instead of using a large oscillating diaphragm to generate airflow, the system uses high-frequency switching of inspiratory and expiratory valves to control gas flow directions, achieving active inhalation and exhalation with significantly reduced device volume.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses flexible valve membranes and thin-film valve structures that can rapidly open and close at high frequencies. These thin-film components enable high-frequency oscillation ventilation without requiring the bulky mechanical structures needed for traditional diaphragm-based systems.
3Ease of operation
If solenoid valve and venturi negative pressure suction device are used, then active inhalation and exhalation are achieved, but gas consumption increases and noise increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the ventilation system into separate inspiratory and expiratory valve circuits, allowing independent control of gas flow during inhalation and exhalation phases. This segmentation enables efficient gas utilization by directing flow precisely when needed, reducing unnecessary gas consumption that occurs in integrated valve systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The high-frequency oscillation system maintains continuous useful action by rapidly alternating between inspiratory and expiratory phases at 3-50Hz. This continuous high-frequency cycling improves gas exchange efficiency and reduces the total gas volume needed compared to lower-frequency systems, as each cycle contributes to effective ventilation without requiring excessive gas reserves.
4Device complexity
If same inspiration valve is used for active inhalation and active exhalation, then device structure is simplified, but gas consumption increases and noise increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the valve system into separate inspiratory and expiratory valve circuits, allowing independent optimization of each phase. The inspiratory valve is optimized for inhalation flow characteristics while the expiratory valve is optimized for exhalation, reducing gas leakage and improving overall gas efficiency compared to a single shared valve.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses a control mechanism that acts as an intermediary between the gas source and the patient, coordinating the opening and closing of inspiratory and expiratory valves to ensure proper timing and direction of gas flow. This intermediary control system prevents gas leakage and reduces noise by ensuring valves operate efficiently in their designated phases.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves active exhalation during high-frequency ventilation, resulting in a smaller system volume, reduced gas consumption, and decreased noise, thereby enhancing respiratory support for patients while improving device efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
the high-frequency oscillation generation device is configured to generate high-frequency oscillation for a gas of the inspiratory branch
Implementation Method 2
the active expiratory device is configured to actively extract, according to the preset high-frequency oscillation frequency, a gas which is exhaled by the patient through the patient pipeline during an expiratory phase
Data Source
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AI summary
A respiratory ventilation system, comprising: an air source interface (1), an inhalation branch (2), a high frequency oscillation generation device (3), a ventilation control device (4), and an active exhalation device (5). The inhalation branch (2) is separately connected to the air source interface (1) and a patient pipe connected to a respiratory system of a patient. The high frequency oscillation generation device (3) generates high frequency oscillation for the gas of the inhalation branch (2). The ventilation control device (4) is connected to the inhalation branch (2), the high frequency oscillation generation device (3), and the active exhalation device (5), controls the high frequency oscillation generation device (3) to generate high frequency oscillation for the gas of the inhalation branch (2) at a preset high frequency oscillation frequency during the inhalation phase, outputs the high frequency oscillation gas generated by the high frequency oscillation generation device (3) by means of the inhalation branch (2) and the patient pipe, and controls the active exhalation device (5) to actively extract, at the preset high frequency oscillation frequency, the gas exhaled by the patient by means of the patient pipe during the exhalation phase. The system has a small size, and can reduce the gas consumption and noise.