Ventilation Louver Multi-Plate Design to Delay Fire Penetration

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current ventilation systems in aircraft belly fairings fail to effectively delay fire penetration from external sources into the fuselage while maintaining pressure equalization and heat venting, as they provide direct paths for fire to enter the compartment.

Innovation Solution

A ventilation louver system with a convoluted path structure, comprising multiple plates and vanes made from high-temperature resistant materials, that redirects fire energy through non-parallel directions, creating barriers to slow down fire progression and redirect heat away from the fuselage.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a ventilation louver provides a direct path for airflow to equalize pressure, then pressure equalization efficiency is improved, but fire penetration risk increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepressure equalization efficiencyVSAvoidfire penetration risk
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The ventilation louver is segmented into multiple plates (first plate with first opening, second plate with vane, third plate with louvered opening) that divide the direct airflow path into multiple segments. Each plate creates a barrier that fire must overcome, while still allowing air to pass through the openings and gaps between plates for pressure equalization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The ventilation system transitions from a two-dimensional direct opening to a three-dimensional convoluted path through multiple plates and vanes. The air flow must navigate through openings, gaps between plates, and around vanes, creating a multi-layered path that maintains ventilation functionality while adding fire resistance through dimensional complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Ease of manufacture

If a ventilation louver structure is simplified for ease of manufacture, then manufacturing cost is reduced, but fire resistance capability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidfire resistance capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The fire resistance capability is achieved through segmentation into multiple simple plates rather than a single complex structure. Each plate can be manufactured independently using standard fabrication processes, and the overall fire resistance emerges from the combination of these simple segmented components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The ventilation louver employs a nested arrangement where the second plate with its vane is positioned between the first and third plates. This nested structure of multiple plates creates a compact assembly that achieves complex fire resistance functionality through a series of simpler nested components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

3Reliability

If a louver design uses multiple plates and vanes to create a tortuous path, then fire progression is delayed, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefire safetyVSAvoidlouver structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The tortuous path for fire delay is created through segmentation into discrete functional plates rather than a single complex curved structure. The first plate, second plate with vane, and third plate are separate segments that collectively create the convoluted flow path, making the system both effective and manufacturable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The fire delay mechanism utilizes three-dimensional spatial arrangement of multiple plates and vanes to create a tortuous path. The air and fire must navigate through multiple dimensions - passing through openings, moving between plates, and flowing around vanes - which delays progression while maintaining a relatively simple component design for each element.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system effectively delays fire penetration by redirecting and dissipating fire energy through a tortuous path, enhancing fire safety by reducing the risk of internal compartment ignition during external fires while maintaining pressure and heat venting functionality.

Implementation Method 1

a second plate defining a vane therein, the vane at least partially covering the first opening and directing the fluid flow along a second direction, non-parallel to the first direction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlow direction control:

Implementation Method 2

a third plate defining a louvered opening therein wherein the louvered opening directs fluid flow along a third direction, non-parallel to both the first direction and the second direction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlow direction control:

Implementation Method 3

configured to equalize the pressure within the belly fairing with atmospheric pressure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure equalization: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP3468869B1Ventilation louver
Publication Date: 2021.11.10 AIRBUS CANADA LLP
  • EP3468869B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3468869B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3468869B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A ventilation louver (10) includes a first plate (52) defining a first opening (74) therein for permitting fluid flow along a first direction (128), a second plate (54) defining a vane (82) therein, the vane at least partially covering the first opening and directing the fluid flow along a second direction (130), non-parallel to the first direction, and a third plate (56) defining a louvered opening (108) therein wherein the louvered opening directs fluid flow along a third direction (138), non-parallel to both the first direction and the second direction. In a non-limiting example, the ventilation louver may be disposed in a belly fairing of an aircraft.