Ventilator Drive Pressure Calculation via Spontaneous-to-PA Transition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current medical ventilators cannot accurately calculate patient drive pressure during spontaneous modes of ventilation without invasive monitoring, which is burdensome and inaccurate.
Innovation Solution
The introduction of a drive pressure (DP) breath type that temporarily transitions from a spontaneous breath subtype to a proportional assist (PA) breath subtype, allowing for non-invasive calculation of drive pressure by monitoring respiratory system compliance and resistance using non-invasive sensors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If invasive monitoring is used to calculate drive pressure during spontaneous ventilation, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and patient burden increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary measurement approach by using easily measurable parameters (airway pressure, flow rate, volume) as mediators to indirectly calculate drive pressure through respiratory system compliance and resistance, avoiding the need for direct invasive muscle pressure measurement while maintaining calculation accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical invasive monitoring system (esophageal balloon or intramuscular catheter) with a computational approach that uses standard ventilator sensors and mathematical modeling to substitute the physical measurement method, thereby eliminating invasive hardware while preserving measurement capability
2Measurement precision
If invasive monitoring is used for drive pressure calculation, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses intermediary parameters (airway pressure, flow, volume) that are already measured by standard ventilator equipment to calculate drive pressure indirectly through compliance and resistance, eliminating the need for invasive procedures and improving patient comfort while maintaining calculation accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables the ventilator system to self-calculate drive pressure using its own existing sensors and built-in computational capabilities, eliminating the need for separate invasive monitoring equipment and procedures, thereby simplifying operation and improving patient comfort
3Ease of operation
If spontaneous breath subtype is used without PA breath subtype, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary calculation of respiratory system compliance and resistance during spontaneous breath subtype using easily measurable parameters, preparing the necessary data in advance to enable accurate drive pressure calculation without needing to switch to PA breath subtype, thereby maintaining both simplicity and precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses feedback from standard ventilator sensors (pressure, flow, volume measurements) during spontaneous ventilation to continuously update compliance and resistance values, which are then fed back into the drive pressure calculation algorithm, enabling accurate measurement while maintaining the simplicity of spontaneous breath mode
Data Source
AI summary
This disclosure describes systems and methods for providing drive pressure ventilation of a patient. The disclosure describes a novel breath type that provides a spontaneous breath type that allows for the calculation of drive pressure that does not require invasive monitoring.