Ventilator Gas Mixing Pressure Equalization for Stable O2 Delivery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing ventilation systems face challenges in reliably controlling the time course of the volume flow or pressure of gas mixtures delivered to patient-side coupling units, particularly in achieving a desired oxygen percentage and maintaining pressure balance between different gas components.
Innovation Solution
A supply device with a pressure reducer and ducts that guide gas components to a mixing point, where the pressure of the second gas component follows the pressure at a reference point in the first duct, ensuring a stable and controlled gas mixture is formed, and a pneumatic control line for pressure equalization, allowing for closed-loop control of the gas mixture's composition and pressure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple gas components are supplied from different sources with different pressures to achieve desired oxygen percentage, then gas mixture composition can be adjusted, but pressure backlogs and control reliability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
A pressure equalization element is introduced as an intermediary component between the first gas component supply (breathing air) and the second gas component supply (pure oxygen). This mediator equalizes pressures from different sources before mixing, preventing pressure backlogs and ensuring reliable control of the gas mixture composition while maintaining adaptability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs pneumatic principles by using a pressure equalization element that utilizes pressure differential to automatically balance the flows of breathing air and pure oxygen. The element responds to pressure variations in the gas mixture duct and equalizes pressures without requiring external power or complex control systems, ensuring reliable operation.
2Stability of the object's composition
If pressure of second gas component is reduced to match first gas component, then pressure balance is improved, but response speed to pressure changes deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure equalization element is designed to dynamically respond to pressure changes in the gas mixture duct. Rather than maintaining a fixed pressure reduction, the element automatically adjusts its pressure equalization function in real-time based on the instantaneous pressure conditions, ensuring both stability and rapid response to changing ventilation requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements implicit feedback through the pressure equalization element, which continuously monitors pressure conditions in the gas mixture duct and automatically adjusts the pressure balance between breathing air and pure oxygen. This feedback mechanism ensures rapid response to pressure changes while maintaining stable composition.
3Manufacturing precision
If complex control systems are used to manage multiple gas sources, then control precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure equalization element operates autonomously using the inherent pressure differential between the breathing air and pure oxygen supplies. The system self-regulates the pressure balance without requiring external control systems, sensors, or power sources, thereby achieving precise control while minimizing device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
By introducing the pressure equalization element as a simple intermediary component, the patent achieves precise control of gas mixture composition without complex control systems. The mediator handles all pressure balancing functions passively, reducing the overall system complexity while maintaining high control precision.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enables precise control of the gas mixture's composition and pressure, reducing the risk of pressure backlogs and allowing for rapid control of volume flow and pressure changes, ensuring a reliable and tailored gas delivery for artificial ventilation.
Implementation Method 1
the pressure of the second gas component follows the pressure at a reference point in the first duct
Implementation Method 2
a pneumatic control line for pressure equalization, allowing for closed-loop control of the gas mixture's composition and pressure
Implementation Method 3
A first duct (K.1) guides a first gas component (breathing air)... A second duct (K.2) guides a second gas component (pure oxygen)
Data Source
AI summary
A device and to a process supply a patient-side coupling unit (9) with a gas mixture. The patient-side coupling unit is connectable to a patient (Pt). A first duct (K.1) guides a first gas component (air) from a first source (2) to a mixing point (8). A second source (20) provides a second gas component, which is guided to a front pressure inlet (V.3) of a pressure reducer (1). The pressure reducer provides the second gas component (O2) at a back pressure outlet (V.2). A time course of pressure at the back pressure outlet follows a time course of pressure at a reference point (11, 28.1) in the first duct. A second duct (K.2) guides the second gas component from the back pressure outlet to the mixing point. An inhalation duct (K.30) guides the gas mixture from the mixing point to the patient-side coupling unit.